所羅門的內憂外患

〈列王紀〉上 11:30   亞希雅將自己穿的那件新衣撕成十二片。

閱讀經文:〈列王紀 〉上  11:14-43 

以東人哈達的故事真是讓人著迷。他原是以東王的後裔,但是因為以東王輸給大衛王,所有的男丁都被約押帶人去殺死了。約押在以東停留了六個月,為要剪除所有以東的男人。目的是讓他們在短期內不能報仇,但是沒有殺他們的幼童。我們看以東的地形,就明白為何約押必須在以東六個月,才能把所有的男丁殺死,因為那麼多山洞的地方,要找到所有的人還真不容易。以東王的僕人帶著幼童王子哈達逃到埃及,埃及王對哈達極為賞識,把自己的妻妹給他做妻子,生了兒子,又讓他和王子們一起成長,以王子的待遇相待。當所羅門做王時,哈達聽到約押這個讓人聞之膽寒的仇人死了,於是決定回去重建以東。回去以東之後,哈達卧薪嚐膽、努力不懈,終於建立了自己的軍隊,開始向所羅門王挑戰。

而此時的所羅門王已經失去了猛將約押,其他的戰士也因為太平了幾十年,而不再像大衛王時期的勇士們那麼精悍勇猛。因此以東時時的犯境成為以色列國境的一個大問題。以東在以色列的南邊;而神也在以色列的北邊興起另一個敵人利遜。利遜曾經伺候瑣巴王哈達德謝,在大衛王攻擊瑣巴人時,這個心懷異軌的僕人背叛了他的主人,招聚了一群人,跑到大馬士革自立為王。有學者認為,利遜就是〈列王紀〉上15:18所説的希旬,若是如此,那利遜就是叙利亞王朝的開國君主,亞蘭就是叙利亞。哈達和利遜一在南一在北,時時進犯以色列,南北交攻,使所羅門不堪其擾。對大衛而言,治服這兩個小賊可能只是小菜一碟,但是對未經戰事的所羅門而言,卻如芒刺在身,苦不堪言。這是所羅門的外患。

所羅門有何內憂呢?所羅門曾經看中一個年輕人耶羅波安,看他做事殷勤,就派他監管約瑟家的一切工程。約瑟家是以色列的另一稱號。可能在修建米羅時,耶羅波安和所羅門有不同的意見,所以他對所羅門有所不滿。作者甚至用:「他舉手攻擊王」來表示當時衝突之嚴重性。然後,先知亞希雅在路上遇見耶羅波安時,就把自己的新衣撕成十二片,交給耶羅波安十片。預表神要把十個支派交給耶羅波安管理。這件事被所羅門王知道了,當然不能容忍此事的發生。事情又回到好像掃羅知道撒母耳膏大衛做王之後,就不斷地追捕大衛,要把他去之而後快。所羅門也因而要殺耶羅波安,後者便逃到埃及。

How to Experience More of God’s Presence

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Leviticus 9:1-24.  Let’s go!

Leviticus 9:1-6 (NIV)
1  On the eighth day Moses summoned Aaron and his sons and the elders of Israel.
2  He said to Aaron, “Take a bull calf for your sin offering and a ram for your burnt offering, both without defect, and present them before the LORD.
3  Then say to the Israelites: ‘Take a male goat for a sin offering, a calf and a lamb–both a year old and without defect–for a burnt offering,
4  and an ox and a ram for a fellowship offering to sacrifice before the LORD, together with a grain offering mixed with oil. For today the LORD will appear to you.'”
5  They took the things Moses commanded to the front of the Tent of Meeting, and the entire assembly came near and stood before the LORD.
6  Then Moses said, “This is what the LORD has commanded you to do, so that the glory of the LORD may appear to you.”

On verses 1-6:  Seven days after Aaron has been ordained to serve as the high priest (Leviticus 8), Moses tells Aaron to present a number of offerings.  First, he is to present a sin offering and a burnt offering for his own sins.  Second, he is to present a sin offering and a burnt offering for the sins of the people (v3). Third, he is to present a fellowship offering and a grain offering to God (v4).  The reason Moses tells Aaron to present all these offerings is because: “For today the Lord will appear to you” (v4), and “so that the glory of the Lord may appear to you.” (v6)   

What Is The Difference Between A Sin Offering, Guilt Offering and Burnt Offering?

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Leviticus 8:18-36.  Let’s go!

Leviticus 8:18-21 (NIV)
18  He then presented the ram for the burnt offering, and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on its head.
19  Then Moses slaughtered the ram and sprinkled the blood against the altar on all sides.
20  He cut the ram into pieces and burned the head, the pieces and the fat.
21  He washed the inner parts and the legs with water and burned the whole ram on the altar as a burnt offering, a pleasing aroma, an offering made to the LORD by fire, as the LORD commanded Moses.

On verses 18-21:  After sacrificing a bull as a sin offering on behalf of Aaron and his sons (v14-17), here Moses presents a ram as a burnt offering for Aaron and his sons.  You may be wondering: what is the difference between the sin offering, the burnt offering and the guilt offering in terms of their purposes?  When you read Leviticus 1-7, the purposes and effects of these 3 types of sacrifices do seem to overlap.  All 3 types are used to make atonement for a person’s sins (see Leviticus 1:4 (burnt offering); 4:20, 26, 31, 35 and 5:6 (sin offering); 5:16 (guilt offering)).  The burnt offering (see Leviticus 1:9, 13, 17) and the sin offering (see Leviticus 4:31), as well as the grain offering described in Leviticus 2 and the fellowship offering described in Leviticus 3, all result in “an aroma pleasing to the Lord”.

所羅門寵異族之女

〈列王紀〉上 11:6 所羅門行耶和華眼中看為惡的事,不效法他父親大衛專心順從耶和華。

閱讀經文:〈列王紀 〉上  11:1-13 

在〈以西結書〉第28章裡,當神論推羅王時,祂說了一段很特別的話:“你無所不備,智慧充足,全然美麗。你曾在伊甸神的園中,佩戴各樣寶石,就是紅寶石、紅璧璽、金鋼石、水蒼玉、紅瑪瑙、碧玉、藍寶石、綠寶石、紅玉和黃金,又有精美的鼓、笛在你那裡,都是在你受造之日預備齊全的。”這裡指的是曾經遮掩約櫃的基路伯,也是撒旦的過去。神把智慧和財寶都賜給他,然後他就開始褻瀆聖所。這個例子和所羅門王何等相似。神把智慧、尊榮和富足都賜給所羅門王,然後他就隨著妃嬪去拜偶像了。神願意把所有的美好都賜給人,但是人接受之後會有怎樣的反應呢?

撒旦的墮落和所羅門的背棄神,是許多人生命的寫照。當我們感到缺乏時,不停地向神祈求。等到神真的把我們想要的賜下後,我們的心卻轉離神,轉向沒有生命的假神,這是為什麼?在〈詩篇〉106篇第10節說:「祂將他們所求的賜給他們,卻使他們的心靈軟弱。」神太理解人的本性,當我們一開始倚靠物質時,我們的心就變得軟弱了。所以當我們祈求時,神不一定會按我們所求的給我們,而是把祂認為最好的給我們。

所羅門離棄神並不是一時之間發生的事。當他在建造聖殿時,愛神的心何等熾熱,他建殿建了七年。然後用了十三年去建黎巴嫩林宮和其他宮殿。當他全心全意建立自己的王室時,他的心就不知不覺偏離了。所以摩西和耶穌都強調:「你要盡心盡性盡意愛你的神。」這裡不是說不可以為自己的事業或家室努力,而是說當我們為自己的事業或家努力時,要存著一種事奉神的心去努力,把在事業和家上的努力以榮耀神,而不是榮耀自己的心態去做。

所羅門的財寶

〈列王紀〉上 10:23   所羅門王的財寶與智慧勝過天下的列王。

閱讀經文:〈列王紀 〉上  10:11-29 

世界上有很多有關古代寶藏的傳奇,其中最有名的傳奇之一就是所羅門王的寶藏。從《聖經》上對所羅門王財富的記載,我們可以稍微感覺到所羅門王的富足。以前曾聽說某些地區的國王,在王宮裡的各樣用品都鑲金戴銀,甚至連抽水馬桶都是金製的。現在看來,和所羅門王一比,似乎都給比下去了。今天就讓我們一起來欣賞一下所羅門王究竟富足到一個怎樣的地步。有時候到有錢人家去走走,也是賞心悅目的事,不是嗎?

讓我們到所羅門王的黎巴嫩林宮(House of the Forest of Lebanon)裡走走。黎巴嫩林宮位於聖殿南面,其名字的由來是因為這座宮殿用大量黎巴嫩山的香柏木(雪松)所建,也因為她有許多巨大香柏木柱子,以致於讓人進了這宮,就感覺好像進了黎巴嫩的一個森林裡。林宮的外牆是用大石頭建成,再用香柏木把它們遮蓋住。它的主要作用是儲存軍械。根據希伯來原文,黎巴嫩林宮的上層由四行香柏木柱子所支撐,所以可以想象兩行是緊靠旁邊的牆壁,另外兩行就在這些柱子的對面,形成三條走廊。四行香柏木柱子支撐著香柏木橫樑,承托著上層的樓房。三層樓每層有15間房子,用來儲存軍械。

那三條走廊又稱為柱廊,這柱廊連接了黎巴嫩林宮和王室走廊。其中一條柱廊長22 公尺,相等於黎巴嫩宮的寬度,又稱為審判廊。所羅門在這裡執行審判、宣告訓示,接待使節。這柱廊的後院就是所羅門住的宮室。

黎巴嫩林宮裡放有金擋牌二百面,每面6.8公斤;金盾牌三百面,每面1.7公斤。有人認為這些擋牌和盾牌都不是拿來上戰場用的,因為太重了。當年被大衛殺死的巨人哥利亞,他的鐵槍頭就是6.8公斤(六百舍客勒),以色列人當中有幾個是巨人,像哥利亞那麼強壯巨大呢?再想想看所羅門王一切的飲器都是金子的,黎巴嫩林宮裡的一切器皿都是精金的;所羅門王的寶座是象牙製造,再用精金包裹。在所羅門年間,不僅銀子算不了什麼,金子也算不了什麼。

The Red Bull of Leviticus

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Leviticus 8:1-17.  Let’s go!

Leviticus 8:1-9 (NIV)
1  The LORD said to Moses,
2  “Bring Aaron and his sons, their garments, the anointing oil, the bull for the sin offering, the two rams and the basket containing bread made without yeast,
3  and gather the entire assembly at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.”
4  Moses did as the LORD commanded him, and the assembly gathered at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.
5  Moses said to the assembly, “This is what the LORD has commanded to be done.”
6  Then Moses brought Aaron and his sons forward and washed them with water.
7  He put the tunic on Aaron, tied the sash around him, clothed him with the robe and put the ephod on him. He also tied the ephod to him by its skillfully woven waistband; so it was fastened on him.
8  He placed the breastpiece on him and put the Urim and Thummim in the breastpiece.
9  Then he placed the turban on Aaron’s head and set the gold plate, the sacred diadem, on the front of it, as the LORD commanded Moses.

On verses 1-9:  Here we read of how Moses washed and clothed Aaron and his sons to make them ready to serve as priests.  Likewise through Jesus Christ God has washed us and clothed us so that we would be ready to serve as His priests.  

That’s why Isaiah would say: “I delight greatly in the LORD; my soul rejoices in my God. For he has clothed me with garments of salvation and arrayed me in a robe of righteousness, as a bridegroom adorns his head like a priest, and as a bride adorns herself with her jewels.” (Isaiah 61:10)

示巴女王覲所羅門

〈列王紀〉上10:9  耶和華你的神是應當稱頌的!祂喜悅你,使你坐以色列的國位。因為祂永遠愛以色列,所以立你做王,使你秉公行義。

閱讀經文:〈列王紀 〉上  10:1-10  

示巴女王和所羅門,一個充滿了美麗傳奇的故事。從遙遠的非洲東部,她聽到了一位年輕而充滿智慧的以色列王的事蹟,不惜紆尊降貴,去一探真假。她準備了不少難題給所羅門。比較出名的是判斷真花假花的故事。據說,示巴女王預備了兩盆花,要所羅門在不可碰觸,且有一段距離的情況下,說出哪一盆是真花。所羅門王想了一下,就叫人打開兩旁的窗戶,讓外面花園中的蜜蜂和蝴蝶飛進來。果然,這些美麗的小昆蟲很自然地,向著真花飛去,並且停留在真花上享受一番。

在猶太人的傳說裡,示巴女王又叫了一群穿著一樣,髮型年記都相仿的孩童進殿,讓所羅門說出哪個是男的,哪個是女的。所羅門王叫人去拿了一盆水進來,叫孩童在盆中洗手,立刻就分出男童和女童。男童洗手之後,甩一甩,在褲子上抹兩把;女童要把手放進盆內前,要先把袖子捲起來,洗完後,又向僕人要毛巾擦手。在〈列王紀〉上第四章,說到所羅門王不僅會寫詩歌和箴言,還會講論草木,自黎巴嫩的香柏樹直到牆上長的牛膝草,又講論飛禽走獸、昆蟲水族。從他對示巴女王難題的回應裡,可以看出他對大自然和人性的理解很深刻,所以可以用很簡單的方法去處理難題。

示巴女王帶著一群人浩浩蕩蕩來到耶路撒冷,總算不虛彼行,親眼看到了所羅門的威儀,和他所展現的智慧。所羅門宮殿裡的井井有條,各人知所進退,還有各樣的珍饈美味、衣服裝飾,都顯現了超越他國人的管理和設計。“又見他上耶和華殿的臺階”,指的是所羅門王到耶和華的聖殿裡獻燔祭一事,可能祭甡甚多,令人咋舌。那種氣派震住了示巴女王。

Are Christians Allowed to Eat Blood?

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Leviticus 7:22-38.  Let’s go!

Leviticus 7:22-27 (NIV)
22  The LORD said to Moses,
23  “Say to the Israelites: ‘Do not eat any of the fat of cattle, sheep or goats.
24  The fat of an animal found dead or torn by wild animals may be used for any other purpose, but you must not eat it.
25  Anyone who eats the fat of an animal from which an offering by fire may be made to the LORD must be cut off from his people.
26  And wherever you live, you must not eat the blood of any bird or animal.
27  If anyone eats blood, that person must be cut off from his people.'”

On verses 22-27:  Even as I am writing this I am eating a leftover steak with an obvious layer of fat on it. The day before, I was eating this same steak (medium rare) and there was blood on the steak.  How can I eat like this when Leviticus 7:23 says “Do not eat any of the fat of cattle, sheep or goats” and Leviticus 7:26 says “And wherever you live, you must not eat the blood of any bird or animal”?  It’s because the dietary regulations of Leviticus have been replaced by a new paradigm in the New Testament, where Jesus declares all foods clean (Mark 7:19) and Christians are not bound by the dietary regulations of the Old Testament (Acts 10:9-15).  Thank God for that because I really like steak!

《聖經中各種審判》5— 對以掃的審判

上帝主權的預定

上帝對以掃的審判是一件令人感到非常害怕的事。同樣是以撒所生的兒子,這兩個兒子還沒有生出來以前,兩個人還沒有任何行爲、動作,上帝說:「我愛雅各,我恨以掃」,這不是上帝的偏待,而是上帝按祂絕對的主權與智慧所定的,我們無法完全理解,也不能改變上帝的主權,上帝這個決定是建立在祂永恆的主權上。如果我們說上帝這樣不公義,你這樣是否定上帝的主權與智慧。在事情發展以後,你發現很多人為的因素是人沒有看見的,上帝早就知道。這無窮的智慧與絕對的主權、神決定的事情,是超現象所能看見的。關於聖經的預定論、主權論,上帝按祂意志的自由所定之事的奧祕,引起很多人認為自己比上帝智慧,認為上帝是錯的,但事實不是如此。歷史的過程顯明人的錯誤。上帝不接納該隱的祭物,接納亞伯的祭物,該隱就發脾氣,用強健的體力把弟弟殺死,並且向上帝強嘴說:「我豈是看顧我兄弟的嗎?」上帝回答亞伯說:「如果你行得好,我難道不會接納你所獻的祭嗎?罪正等待向你撲面而來,你要制服罪對你的轄制。你若行得好,我會接納你;你若行得不好,你要制服罪。」這表示人在道德上,應該有行善的主動,否則的話,罪不會讓你平安度過。人應當制服罪惡。

恩典是在神的主權範圍下 審判是在人的行為範圍下

這不是因為恩典的問題,而是因為罪惡的問題。蒙恩是出於神的主動,神的憐憫不是出於人的行為、人的功勞,更不是人所應當得的。我們明白這兩件事的關係:在犯罪的事情,人是主動;在審判的事情上,上帝是主動的;在蒙恩的事情上,人是被動的;在施恩的事情上,上帝是主動的。上帝對該隱說:「你若行得好,豈不蒙悅納?但你今天行得不好,是因為你是罪人。我今天施恩給亞伯,不是你可以干預的事情。」上帝為什麼在雅各以及以掃生下之前,就說:「我愛雅各,我恨以掃」?以掃的行為實實在在不蒙上帝悅納。雅各蒙恩是因神的主權,以撒被棄是因自己的罪。管教與審判是完全不同的範圍。希伯來書第九章說:「基督既然一次被獻,擔當了多人的罪,將來要向那等候他的人第二次顯現,並與罪無關。」(來9:28)羅馬書說:「我要憐憫誰就憐憫誰,要恩待誰就恩待誰。」(羅9:15 )人得救,不是出於人的權柄、資格,也是不靠著人的行為,因為人若按上帝的公義受審判,是應當下地獄的,但是上帝要把恩典賜給一些人,人不能干預神的主權。在審判的事情上,是照著人的行為應當受的審判來審判。神的恩典是祂主權的範圍,神的審判是人犯罪的範圍。聖經告訴我們上帝的恩典與審判是照著兩個不同的範圍,讓我們看清楚神工作的範圍是什麼。

Give God Your Best

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Leviticus 7:1-21.  Let’s go!

Leviticus 7:1-4 (NIV)
1  “‘These are the regulations for the guilt offering, which is most holy:
2  The guilt offering is to be slaughtered in the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered, and its blood is to be sprinkled against the altar on all sides.
3  All its fat shall be offered: the fat tail and the fat that covers the inner parts,
4  both kidneys with the fat on them near the loins, and the covering of the liver, which is to be removed with the kidneys.

On verses 1-4:  Notice that when the priest offered an animal as a guilt offering, all the fat of the animal was to be burned on the altar as an offering to the Lord (Leviticus 7:3).  Why?  It’s because the fat of the animal represented the best part of the animal.  God was basically saying, “Save your best part for me.”

Likewise, God wants you to save your best for Him.  That means giving God the best part of your day, the best part of your time, the best part of your energy, the first part of your wealth (Proverbs 3:9-10), the fattest part of your love.  Don’t give God the leftovers.  Give your best to God.  

When you give your best to God, God will look with favour on your offering.  That’s what He did with Abel.  “Abel brought fat portions from some of the firstborn of his flock [and] the LORD looked with favor on Abel and his offering” (Genesis 4:4).