所罗门的内忧外患

〈列王纪〉上 11:30   亚希雅将自己穿的那件新衣撕成十二片。

阅读经文:〈列王纪 〉上  11:14-43 

以东人哈达的故事真是让人着迷。他原是以东王的后裔,但是因为以东王输给大卫王,所有的男丁都被约押带人去杀死了。约押在以东停留了六个月,为要剪除所有以东的男人。目的是让他们在短期内不能报仇,但是没有杀他们的幼童。我们看以东的地形,就明白为何约押必须在以东六个月,才能把所有的男丁杀死,因为那么多山洞的地方,要找到所有的人还真不容易。以东王的仆人带着幼童王子哈达逃到埃及,埃及王对哈达极为赏识,把自己的妻妹给他做妻子,生了儿子,又让他和王子们一起成长,以王子的待遇相待。当所罗门做王时,哈达听到约押这个让人闻之胆寒的仇人死了,于是决定回去重建以东。回去以东之后,哈达卧薪尝胆、努力不懈,终于建立了自己的军队,开始向所罗门王挑战。

而此时的所罗门王已经失去了猛将约押,其他的战士也因为太平了几十年,而不再像大卫王时期的勇士们那么精悍勇猛。因此以东时时的犯境成为以色列国境的一个大问题。以东在以色列的南边;而神也在以色列的北边兴起另一个敌人利逊。利逊曾经伺候琐巴王哈达德谢,在大卫王攻击琐巴人时,这个心怀异轨的仆人背叛了他的主人,招聚了一群人,跑到大马士革自立为王。有学者认为,利逊就是〈列王纪〉上15:18所说的希旬,若是如此,那利逊就是叙利亚王朝的开国君主,亚兰就是叙利亚。哈达和利逊一在南一在北,时时进犯以色列,南北交攻,使所罗门不堪其扰。对大卫而言,治服这两个小贼可能只是小菜一碟,但是对未经战事的所罗门而言,却如芒刺在身,苦不堪言。这是所罗门的外患。

所罗门有何内忧呢?所罗门曾经看中一个年轻人耶罗波安,看他做事殷勤,就派他监管约瑟家的一切工程。约瑟家是以色列的另一称号。可能在修建米罗时,耶罗波安和所罗门有不同的意见,所以他对所罗门有所不满。作者甚至用:「他举手攻击王」来表示当时冲突之严重性。然后,先知亚希雅在路上遇见耶罗波安时,就把自己的新衣撕成十二片,交给耶罗波安十片。预表神要把十个支派交给耶罗波安管理。这件事被所罗门王知道了,当然不能容忍此事的发生。事情又回到好像扫罗知道撒母耳膏大卫做王之后,就不断地追捕大卫,要把他去之而后快。所罗门也因而要杀耶罗波安,后者便逃到埃及。

How to Experience More of God’s Presence

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Leviticus 9:1-24.  Let’s go!

Leviticus 9:1-6 (NIV)
1  On the eighth day Moses summoned Aaron and his sons and the elders of Israel.
2  He said to Aaron, “Take a bull calf for your sin offering and a ram for your burnt offering, both without defect, and present them before the LORD.
3  Then say to the Israelites: ‘Take a male goat for a sin offering, a calf and a lamb–both a year old and without defect–for a burnt offering,
4  and an ox and a ram for a fellowship offering to sacrifice before the LORD, together with a grain offering mixed with oil. For today the LORD will appear to you.'”
5  They took the things Moses commanded to the front of the Tent of Meeting, and the entire assembly came near and stood before the LORD.
6  Then Moses said, “This is what the LORD has commanded you to do, so that the glory of the LORD may appear to you.”

On verses 1-6:  Seven days after Aaron has been ordained to serve as the high priest (Leviticus 8), Moses tells Aaron to present a number of offerings.  First, he is to present a sin offering and a burnt offering for his own sins.  Second, he is to present a sin offering and a burnt offering for the sins of the people (v3). Third, he is to present a fellowship offering and a grain offering to God (v4).  The reason Moses tells Aaron to present all these offerings is because: “For today the Lord will appear to you” (v4), and “so that the glory of the Lord may appear to you.” (v6)   

What Is The Difference Between A Sin Offering, Guilt Offering and Burnt Offering?

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Leviticus 8:18-36.  Let’s go!

Leviticus 8:18-21 (NIV)
18  He then presented the ram for the burnt offering, and Aaron and his sons laid their hands on its head.
19  Then Moses slaughtered the ram and sprinkled the blood against the altar on all sides.
20  He cut the ram into pieces and burned the head, the pieces and the fat.
21  He washed the inner parts and the legs with water and burned the whole ram on the altar as a burnt offering, a pleasing aroma, an offering made to the LORD by fire, as the LORD commanded Moses.

On verses 18-21:  After sacrificing a bull as a sin offering on behalf of Aaron and his sons (v14-17), here Moses presents a ram as a burnt offering for Aaron and his sons.  You may be wondering: what is the difference between the sin offering, the burnt offering and the guilt offering in terms of their purposes?  When you read Leviticus 1-7, the purposes and effects of these 3 types of sacrifices do seem to overlap.  All 3 types are used to make atonement for a person’s sins (see Leviticus 1:4 (burnt offering); 4:20, 26, 31, 35 and 5:6 (sin offering); 5:16 (guilt offering)).  The burnt offering (see Leviticus 1:9, 13, 17) and the sin offering (see Leviticus 4:31), as well as the grain offering described in Leviticus 2 and the fellowship offering described in Leviticus 3, all result in “an aroma pleasing to the Lord”.

所罗门宠异族之女

〈列王纪〉上 11:6 所罗门行耶和华眼中看为恶的事,不效法他父亲大卫专心顺从耶和华。

阅读经文:〈列王纪 〉上  11:1-13 

在〈以西结书〉第28章里,当神论推罗王时,祂说了一段很特别的话:“你无所不备,智慧充足,全然美丽。你曾在伊甸神的园中,佩戴各样宝石,就是红宝石、红璧玺、金钢石、水苍玉、红玛瑙、碧玉、蓝宝石、绿宝石、红玉和黄金,又有精美的鼓、笛在你那里,都是在你受造之日预备齐全的。”这里指的是曾经遮掩约柜的基路伯,也是撒旦的过去。神把智慧和财宝都赐给他,然后他就开始亵渎圣所。这个例子和所罗门王何等相似。神把智慧、尊荣和富足都赐给所罗门王,然后他就随着妃嫔去拜偶像了。神愿意把所有的美好都赐给人,但是人接受之后会有怎样的反应呢?

撒旦的堕落和所罗门的背弃神,是许多人生命的写照。当我们感到缺乏时,不停地向神祈求。等到神真的把我们想要的赐下后,我们的心却转离神,转向没有生命的假神,这是为什么?在〈诗篇〉106篇第10节说:「祂将他们所求的赐给他们,却使他们的心灵软弱。」神太理解人的本性,当我们一开始倚靠物质时,我们的心就变得软弱了。所以当我们祈求时,神不一定会按我们所求的给我们,而是把祂认为最好的给我们。

所罗门离弃神并不是一时之间发生的事。当他在建造圣殿时,爱神的心何等炽热,他建殿建了七年。然后用了十三年去建黎巴嫩林宫和其他宫殿。当他全心全意建立自己的王室时,他的心就不知不觉偏离了。所以摩西和耶稣都强调:「你要尽心尽性尽意爱你的神。」这里不是说不可以为自己的事业或家室努力,而是说当我们为自己的事业或家努力时,要存著一种事奉神的心去努力,把在事业和家上的努力以荣耀神,而不是荣耀自己的心态去做。

所罗门的财宝

〈列王纪〉上 10:23   所罗门王的财宝与智慧胜过天下的列王。

阅读经文:〈列王纪 〉上  10:11-29 

世界上有很多有关古代宝藏的传奇,其中最有名的传奇之一就是所罗门王的宝藏。从《圣经》上对所罗门王财富的记载,我们可以稍微感觉到所罗门王的富足。以前曾听说某些地区的国王,在王宫里的各样用品都镶金戴银,甚至连抽水马桶都是金制的。现在看来,和所罗门王一比,似乎都给比下去了。今天就让我们一起来欣赏一下所罗门王究竟富足到一个怎样的地步。有时候到有钱人家去走走,也是赏心悦目的事,不是吗?

让我们到所罗门王的黎巴嫩林宫(House of the Forest of Lebanon)里走走。黎巴嫩林宫位于圣殿南面,其名字的由来是因为这座宫殿用大量黎巴嫩山的香柏木(雪松)所建,也因为她有许多巨大香柏木柱子,以致于让人进了这宫,就感觉好像进了黎巴嫩的一个森林里。林宫的外墙是用大石头建成,再用香柏木把它们遮盖住。它的主要作用是储存军械。根据希伯来原文,黎巴嫩林宫的上层由四行香柏木柱子所支撑,所以可以想象两行是紧靠旁边的墙壁,另外两行就在这些柱子的对面,形成三条走廊。四行香柏木柱子支撑著香柏木横梁,承托著上层的楼房。三层楼每层有15间房子,用来储存军械。

那三条走廊又称为柱廊,这柱廊连接了黎巴嫩林宫和王室走廊。其中一条柱廊长22 公尺,相等于黎巴嫩宫的宽度,又称为审判廊。所罗门在这里执行审判、宣告训示,接待使节。这柱廊的后院就是所罗门住的宫室。

黎巴嫩林宫里放有金挡牌二百面,每面6.8公斤;金盾牌三百面,每面1.7公斤。有人认为这些挡牌和盾牌都不是拿来上战场用的,因为太重了。当年被大卫杀死的巨人哥利亚,他的铁枪头就是6.8公斤(六百舍客勒),以色列人当中有几个是巨人,像哥利亚那么强壮巨大呢?再想想看所罗门王一切的饮器都是金子的,黎巴嫩林宫里的一切器皿都是精金的;所罗门王的宝座是象牙制造,再用精金包裹。在所罗门年间,不仅银子算不了什么,金子也算不了什么。

The Red Bull of Leviticus

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Leviticus 8:1-17.  Let’s go!

Leviticus 8:1-9 (NIV)
1  The LORD said to Moses,
2  “Bring Aaron and his sons, their garments, the anointing oil, the bull for the sin offering, the two rams and the basket containing bread made without yeast,
3  and gather the entire assembly at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.”
4  Moses did as the LORD commanded him, and the assembly gathered at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting.
5  Moses said to the assembly, “This is what the LORD has commanded to be done.”
6  Then Moses brought Aaron and his sons forward and washed them with water.
7  He put the tunic on Aaron, tied the sash around him, clothed him with the robe and put the ephod on him. He also tied the ephod to him by its skillfully woven waistband; so it was fastened on him.
8  He placed the breastpiece on him and put the Urim and Thummim in the breastpiece.
9  Then he placed the turban on Aaron’s head and set the gold plate, the sacred diadem, on the front of it, as the LORD commanded Moses.

On verses 1-9:  Here we read of how Moses washed and clothed Aaron and his sons to make them ready to serve as priests.  Likewise through Jesus Christ God has washed us and clothed us so that we would be ready to serve as His priests.  

That’s why Isaiah would say: “I delight greatly in the LORD; my soul rejoices in my God. For he has clothed me with garments of salvation and arrayed me in a robe of righteousness, as a bridegroom adorns his head like a priest, and as a bride adorns herself with her jewels.” (Isaiah 61:10)

示巴女王觐所罗门

〈列王纪〉上10:9  耶和华你的神是应当称颂的!祂喜悦你,使你坐以色列的国位。因为祂永远爱以色列,所以立你做王,使你秉公行义。

阅读经文:〈列王纪 〉上  10:1-10  

示巴女王和所罗门,一个充满了美丽传奇的故事。从遥远的非洲东部,她听到了一位年轻而充满智慧的以色列王的事蹟,不惜纡尊降贵,去一探真假。她准备了不少难题给所罗门。比较出名的是判断真花假花的故事。据说,示巴女王预备了两盆花,要所罗门在不可碰触,且有一段距离的情况下,说出哪一盆是真花。所罗门王想了一下,就叫人打开两旁的窗户,让外面花园中的蜜蜂和蝴蝶飞进来。果然,这些美丽的小昆虫很自然地,向着真花飞去,并且停留在真花上享受一番。

在犹太人的传说里,示巴女王又叫了一群穿着一样,发型年记都相仿的孩童进殿,让所罗门说出哪个是男的,哪个是女的。所罗门王叫人去拿了一盆水进来,叫孩童在盆中洗手,立刻就分出男童和女童。男童洗手之后,甩一甩,在裤子上抹两把;女童要把手放进盆内前,要先把袖子卷起来,洗完后,又向仆人要毛巾擦手。在〈列王纪〉上第四章,说到所罗门王不仅会写诗歌和箴言,还会讲论草木,自黎巴嫩的香柏树直到墙上长的牛膝草,又讲论飞禽走兽、昆虫水族。从他对示巴女王难题的回应里,可以看出他对大自然和人性的理解很深刻,所以可以用很简单的方法去处理难题。

示巴女王带着一群人浩浩荡荡来到耶路撒冷,总算不虚彼行,亲眼看到了所罗门的威仪,和他所展现的智慧。所罗门宫殿里的井井有条,各人知所进退,还有各样的珍馐美味、衣服装饰,都显现了超越他国人的管理和设计。“又见他上耶和华殿的台阶”,指的是所罗门王到耶和华的圣殿里献燔祭一事,可能祭甡甚多,令人咋舌。那种气派震住了示巴女王。

Are Christians Allowed to Eat Blood?

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Leviticus 7:22-38.  Let’s go!

Leviticus 7:22-27 (NIV)
22  The LORD said to Moses,
23  “Say to the Israelites: ‘Do not eat any of the fat of cattle, sheep or goats.
24  The fat of an animal found dead or torn by wild animals may be used for any other purpose, but you must not eat it.
25  Anyone who eats the fat of an animal from which an offering by fire may be made to the LORD must be cut off from his people.
26  And wherever you live, you must not eat the blood of any bird or animal.
27  If anyone eats blood, that person must be cut off from his people.'”

On verses 22-27:  Even as I am writing this I am eating a leftover steak with an obvious layer of fat on it. The day before, I was eating this same steak (medium rare) and there was blood on the steak.  How can I eat like this when Leviticus 7:23 says “Do not eat any of the fat of cattle, sheep or goats” and Leviticus 7:26 says “And wherever you live, you must not eat the blood of any bird or animal”?  It’s because the dietary regulations of Leviticus have been replaced by a new paradigm in the New Testament, where Jesus declares all foods clean (Mark 7:19) and Christians are not bound by the dietary regulations of the Old Testament (Acts 10:9-15).  Thank God for that because I really like steak!

《圣经中各种审判》5— 对以扫的审判

上帝主权的预定

上帝对以扫的审判是一件令人感到非常害怕的事。同样是以撒所生的儿子,这两个儿子还没有生出来以前,两个人还没有任何行为、动作,上帝说:「我爱雅各,我恨以扫」,这不是上帝的偏待,而是上帝按祂绝对的主权与智慧所定的,我们无法完全理解,也不能改变上帝的主权,上帝这个决定是建立在祂永恒的主权上。如果我们说上帝这样不公义,你这样是否定上帝的主权与智慧。在事情发展以后,你发现很多人为的因素是人没有看见的,上帝早就知道。这无穷的智慧与绝对的主权、神决定的事情,是超现象所能看见的。关于圣经的预定论、主权论,上帝按祂意志的自由所定之事的奥祕,引起很多人认为自己比上帝智慧,认为上帝是错的,但事实不是如此。历史的过程显明人的错误。上帝不接纳该隐的祭物,接纳亚伯的祭物,该隐就发脾气,用强健的体力把弟弟杀死,并且向上帝强嘴说:「我岂是看顾我兄弟的吗?」上帝回答亚伯说:「如果你行得好,我难道不会接纳你所献的祭吗?罪正等待向你扑面而来,你要制服罪对你的辖制。你若行得好,我会接纳你;你若行得不好,你要制服罪。」这表示人在道德上,应该有行善的主动,否则的话,罪不会让你平安度过。人应当制服罪恶。

恩典是在神的主权范围下 审判是在人的行为范围下

这不是因为恩典的问题,而是因为罪恶的问题。蒙恩是出于神的主动,神的怜悯不是出于人的行为、人的功劳,更不是人所应当得的。我们明白这两件事的关系:在犯罪的事情,人是主动;在审判的事情上,上帝是主动的;在蒙恩的事情上,人是被动的;在施恩的事情上,上帝是主动的。上帝对该隐说:「你若行得好,岂不蒙悦纳?但你今天行得不好,是因为你是罪人。我今天施恩给亚伯,不是你可以干预的事情。」上帝为什么在雅各以及以扫生下之前,就说:「我爱雅各,我恨以扫」?以扫的行为实实在在不蒙上帝悦纳。雅各蒙恩是因神的主权,以撒被弃是因自己的罪。管教与审判是完全不同的范围。希伯来书第九章说:「基督既然一次被献,担当了多人的罪,将来要向那等候他的人第二次显现,并与罪无关。」(来9:28)罗马书说:「我要怜悯谁就怜悯谁,要恩待谁就恩待谁。」(罗9:15 )人得救,不是出于人的权柄、资格,也是不靠着人的行为,因为人若按上帝的公义受审判,是应当下地狱的,但是上帝要把恩典赐给一些人,人不能干预神的主权。在审判的事情上,是照着人的行为应当受的审判来审判。神的恩典是祂主权的范围,神的审判是人犯罪的范围。圣经告诉我们上帝的恩典与审判是照着两个不同的范围,让我们看清楚神工作的范围是什么。

Give God Your Best

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Leviticus 7:1-21.  Let’s go!

Leviticus 7:1-4 (NIV)
1  “‘These are the regulations for the guilt offering, which is most holy:
2  The guilt offering is to be slaughtered in the place where the burnt offering is slaughtered, and its blood is to be sprinkled against the altar on all sides.
3  All its fat shall be offered: the fat tail and the fat that covers the inner parts,
4  both kidneys with the fat on them near the loins, and the covering of the liver, which is to be removed with the kidneys.

On verses 1-4:  Notice that when the priest offered an animal as a guilt offering, all the fat of the animal was to be burned on the altar as an offering to the Lord (Leviticus 7:3).  Why?  It’s because the fat of the animal represented the best part of the animal.  God was basically saying, “Save your best part for me.”

Likewise, God wants you to save your best for Him.  That means giving God the best part of your day, the best part of your time, the best part of your energy, the first part of your wealth (Proverbs 3:9-10), the fattest part of your love.  Don’t give God the leftovers.  Give your best to God.  

When you give your best to God, God will look with favour on your offering.  That’s what He did with Abel.  “Abel brought fat portions from some of the firstborn of his flock [and] the LORD looked with favor on Abel and his offering” (Genesis 4:4).