Today’s passage is Exodus 7:1-13. For context, we’ll also include Exodus 6:28-30. Let’s go!
Exodus 6:28-Exodus 7:1 (NIV)
28 Now when the LORD spoke to Moses in Egypt,
29 he said to him, “I am the LORD. Tell Pharaoh king of Egypt everything I tell you.”
30 But Moses said to the LORD, “Since I speak with faltering lips, why would Pharaoh listen to me?”
1 Then the LORD said to Moses, “See, I have made you like God to Pharaoh, and your brother Aaron will be your prophet.
On Exodus 6:28-Exodus 7:1: Notice the difference in the way Moses saw himself and the way God saw Moses. Moses focuses on his inability and weakness, his “faltering lips” (v30). God says He has made Moses to be like God to Pharaoh and Aaron to be Moses’ prophet (v1). It goes to show that God sees us differently than the way we naturally see ourselves. If like Moses you have a tendency to focus on your weaknesses and limitations, know that God sees you in a completely different light: He sees you as forgiven, strong, an overcomer (see 1 John 2:12-14). Part of becoming more godly is learning to see yourself the way God sees you.
Exodus 7:2-7 (NIV)
2 You are to say everything I command you, and your brother Aaron is to tell Pharaoh to let the Israelites go out of his country.
3 But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart, and though I multiply my miraculous signs and wonders in Egypt,
4 he will not listen to you. Then I will lay my hand on Egypt and with mighty acts of judgment I will bring out my divisions, my people the Israelites.
5 And the Egyptians will know that I am the LORD when I stretch out my hand against Egypt and bring the Israelites out of it.”
6 Moses and Aaron did just as the LORD commanded them.
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Today’s passage is Exodus 6:14-30. For context, we’ll start at Exodus 6:13. Let’s go!
Exodus 6:13-27 (NIV)
13 Now the LORD spoke to Moses and Aaron about the Israelites and Pharaoh king of Egypt, and he commanded them to bring the Israelites out of Egypt.
14 These were the heads of their families: The sons of Reuben the firstborn son of Israel were Hanoch and Pallu, Hezron and Carmi. These were the clans of Reuben.
15 The sons of Simeon were Jemuel, Jamin, Ohad, Jakin, Zohar and Shaul the son of a Canaanite woman. These were the clans of Simeon.
On verses 13-27: Just before we get into the big action scenes of Exodus, we are first given a genealogy (i.e. a summary of the family line) for Moses and Aaron. The purpose of this genealogy was to show future generations of Israelites where exactly Moses and Aaron fit under the family tree of their nation’s patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob (also known as Israel). It is an abbreviated, selective genealogy that does not show every name and every generation in Moses and Aaron’s family tree, but just enough to show that Moses and Aaron were descendants of Israel’s third son Levi, and the origins of some of Aaron’s descendants like Nadab, Abihu, Eleazar, and Phinehas, who would play prominent roles in Israel later on.
Exodus 6:1 (NIV)
1 Then the LORD said to Moses, “Now you will see what I will do to Pharaoh: Because of my mighty hand he will let them go; because of my mighty hand he will drive them out of his country.”
On verse 1: Moses and Aaron had approached Pharaoh about letting the Israelite slaves go, but Pharaoh rejected their request and even increased the Israelite slaves’ workload as a result. Moses could not understand why, especially when God had promised that Pharaoh would let the Israelites go (see Exodus 5:22-23). God reassures Moses that Pharaoh will (eventually) let the Israelite people go.
What can we learn from this? When God promises to do something, He will do it according to His timing, not your timing. Rather than getting upset with God because God didn’t do things according to your way and timing, trust God that His way and His timing are perfect. When God doesn’t do it in your way and your time, it means that He is writing a greater story than the one you have in mind.
Exodus 6:2-8 (NIV)
2 God also said to Moses, “I am the LORD.
3 I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac and to Jacob as God Almighty, but by my name the LORD I did not make myself known to them.
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Exodus 5:1-23 (NIV)
1 Afterward Moses and Aaron went to Pharaoh and said, “This is what the LORD, the God of Israel, says: ‘Let my people go, so that they may hold a festival to me in the desert.'”
2 Pharaoh said, “Who is the LORD, that I should obey him and let Israel go? I do not know the LORD and I will not let Israel go.”
3 Then they said, “The God of the Hebrews has met with us. Now let us take a three-day journey into the desert to offer sacrifices to the LORD our God, or he may strike us with plagues or with the sword.”……
On verses 1-23: Moses and Aaron step out in faith and approach Pharaoh with God’s demand to let His people go. Pharaoh stone walls Moses and Aaron and, even worse, increases the workload expected of the Israelite slaves as a result. This in turn causes the Israelite foremen themselves to be angry with Moses and Aaron for getting the entire Israelite community in trouble with Pharaoh.
What can we learn from this? Whenever you step out in faith to undertake something great, don’t be surprised if at first you fall flat on your face. That’s what happened to Moses and Aaron. Moses tried to do what God asked of him, and yet rather than making the situation better for the Israelite slaves, at first things actually got worse!
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菲利普斯的講道影響力也外溢到美國各地及國外。他先後被哥倫比亞大學、耶魯大學、牛津大學授予榮譽博士學位,其中耶魯還專門為他開設了“佈道講座”。1880年去英國訪問期間,他不但被著名的威斯敏斯特皇家教堂邀請前往佈道,甚至連英國女王也慕名專門請他前往自己的溫莎城堡,為她和王室成員講道。他所發表的著作也大都與講道有關,包括《講道講座》(1877年)、《佈道》(1878-81年)、《博倫講座》(1879年)、《英國教堂講道》(1883年)、《在美國最古老的學校講道》(1885年)、《二十個佈道》(1886年)、《世界之光和其它佈道》(1890年)等。後人甚至評價他為美國十九世紀最偉大的佈道者(The greatest American preacher of the 19th Century);連他所屬的聖公會也認為他講道的能力在整個聖公會編年歷史上無人可及。在那些光芒四射的時刻,又有誰能夠想像,這位不凡的講道者當年在費城拉丁語學校曾經是一個因“講課能力不夠”而差點面臨被解雇的教師!
「我們大約只花了兩個小時就到了伯利恒這個小鎮,它坐落在一座山的東邊山脊上,周圍是梯田式的花園,比我在巴勒斯坦見過的任何其它城鎮都要漂亮。小鎮最突出的標誌是《耶穌誕生教堂》(Church of the Ativity,建於在西元四世紀三十年代的君士坦丁大帝時期)。這個古老的教堂目前由希臘人、拉丁人和亞美尼亞人教會共同擁有,他們各自擁有自己的修道院。我們在希臘人的修道院安排好住處後,在傍晚時分又騎馬出城,前往傳說中耶穌誕辰之夜牧羊人看到天使報喜訊的那片曠野之地;當經過那裏的時候,我們仍然可以看到不少牧羊人正在“看守羊群”,或趕著羊群回家的場面,…。接著我們回到了伯利恒城裏,去參加教堂在當晚十點鐘開始的平安夜敬拜。敬拜儀式一直持續到後半夜的三點鐘。來自不同地區的信徒們一遍又一遍地唱著歌頌救主誕生那個奇妙夜晚的詩歌。我似乎能夠聽懂他們的語言,就像我們去年平安夜在自己教會所唱的那樣。不過我還是會短暫地關閉我聽覺,好讓自己更熟悉的那些詩歌旋律隔了半個地球飄到我的耳裏,…。」(摘自1865年12月30日菲利普斯寫給他父親的書信以及1866年2月19日給波士頓聖三一主日學學校的同學們的書信)
這一經曆給菲利普斯留下了如此深刻的印象,以致他在三年後還這樣說,那些記憶“仍然在我的靈魂裏歌唱”(still singing in my soul),而這第三年的日子就是發生在1868年的冬天。又一年的聖誕佳節再度臨近了,他想親自為教會主日學的孩子們寫一首聖誕詩歌,於是當年那美妙的經歷和感受再次湧上心頭;他拿起筆一口氣寫下了這首詩,並將其取名為《小伯利恒》。全詩分四段,內容如下:
Today’s passage is Exodus 4:18-31. There are so many lessons we can learn from this passage. In this GAME sharing we’ll deal only with verses 27-31 today . Let’s go!
Exodus 4:27 (NIV)
27 The LORD said to Aaron, “Go into the desert to meet Moses.” So he met Moses at the mountain of God and kissed him.
On verse 27: Aaron, Moses’ older brother who was 3 years Moses’ senior (see Exodus 7:7), hears from God that he should go to the desert to meet Moses. So Aaron goes to meet Moses at “the mountain of God” (which is likely Mount Horeb where Moses first encountered God in the burning bush) and the brothers are reunited. How was Aaron, an Israelite slave in Egypt, able to freely leave Egypt to visit Moses? One theory is that Aaron was a respected elder among the Israelites and had the permission of Pharaoh to go. Another theory is that Aaron escaped the slave camp without being discovered.
In any event, the fact that Aaron independently sensed from God that he should go see Moses, soon after Moses himself had heard God’s call to go back to Egypt, must have been very encouraging to both Moses and Aaron. They both must have seen this as a sign from God. It goes to show that when God wants to do something big, He tends to involve not just one person but multiple trusted leaders in the discerning of it.
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