Romans 9:22-23 (NIV)
22 What if God, choosing to show his wrath and make his power known, bore with great patience the objects of his wrath–prepared for destruction?
23 What if he did this to make the riches of his glory known to the objects of his mercy, whom he prepared in advance for glory—
On verses 22-23: According to Paul, God doesn’t wipe out instantly those whom He didn’t choose for salvation (“the objects of his wrath”); rather “with great patience” (v22) God bears with them and allows them to live for a while. Why does God do that? Paul suggests God does this “to make the riches of his glory known to the objects of his mercy”; in other words, somehow by bearing with those who are not His people for a while, God is showing to those who are His people how great and glorious He is. How so? Maybe it’s that by not coming down in wrath right away on those God has not chosen, God is showing His people that He is patient, tolerant, not in a rush, and still willing to use those who are not chosen for at least some good, so that their existence is not completely for naught.
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這座始建於1300年,享有全球十佳園林和十大豪宅之一美譽,經歷了歷代主人命運變遷的莊園,如今已經成為愛爾蘭旅遊的必去之地。而今天我要介紹的主人翁就是在1823年6月嫁入這座莊園,成為第五代“鮑爾斯科特子爵夫人”的西奧多西婭. 安妮. 霍華德(Theodosia Anne Howard 1800-1836),以及她所寫的那首溫柔優美的詩歌「主耶穌,我羨慕活在你面前」( Lord Jesus, I long in Thy presence to live )。
我們先來簡單介紹一下與這所莊園有關的歷史。莊園始建於1300年,以原主人 Le Poer(Power)家族的名字而得名。1608年4月愛爾蘭的領主奧多爾蒂在卡爾摩爾發動叛亂,英王詹姆斯一世為此發兵平亂,並在次年取得了勝利。國王在慶功時,把一座建於14世紀的城堡莊園賞賜給了領兵的將領理查德·溫菲爾德(Richard Wingfield)元帥,並在1618年又進一步授予他“鮑爾斯科特子爵”(Viscount Powerscourt)的貴族封號。從此該莊園便以為“鮑爾斯考特”的名字由溫菲爾德的家族一代代繼承下來。1731-1741年該莊園的第2代主人愛德華.溫菲爾德專門聘請著名的德國建築師理卡賽爾斯,按照義大利文藝復興時期的風格對整個莊園進行了大規模的改造,使其成為整個愛爾蘭的豪宅之最。1821年喬治四世國王的親臨到訪,更是讓莊園名噪一時。而本文的女主角就是在國王到訪第二年的高光時刻嫁入到這一莊園,成了第五代鮑爾斯科特子爵夫人。
在接下來的日子裏對這兩個人來說無疑都有一個痛苦的煎熬期,特別是對感情世界那麼豐富的西奧多西婭。就是在那一年裏,她寫下了這首著名的詩歌「主耶穌,我羨慕活在你面前」(Lord Jesus, I long in Thy presence to live)。這歌名中的“羡慕”按英文的“Long”更合適翻譯成“渴慕”或“渴望”。
Romans 9:14-21 (NIV)
14 What then shall we say? Is God unjust? Not at all!
15 For he says to Moses, “I will have mercy on whom I have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.”
16 It does not, therefore, depend on man’s desire or effort, but on God’s mercy.
17 For the Scripture says to Pharaoh: “I raised you up for this very purpose, that I might display my power in you and that my name might be proclaimed in all the earth.”
18 Therefore God has mercy on whom he wants to have mercy, and he hardens whom he wants to harden.
19 One of you will say to me: “Then why does God still blame us? For who resists his will?”
20 But who are you, O man, to talk back to God? “Shall what is formed say to him who formed it, ‘Why did you make me like this?'”
21 Does not the potter have the right to make out of the same lump of clay some pottery for noble purposes and some for common use?
On verses 14-21: If it is God who chooses in advance who will be saved and who won’t be, then how can God blame those of us who don’t believe in Him? When we looked yesterday at Romans 9:1-13 I shared with you one reason why we cannot accuse God of being unfair for choosing in advance to save some and not others.
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Romans 9:1-3 (NIV)
1 I speak the truth in Christ–I am not lying, my conscience confirms it in the Holy Spirit–
2 I have great sorrow and unceasing anguish in my heart.
3 For I could wish that I myself were cursed and cut off from Christ for the sake of my brothers, those of my own race,
On verses 1-3: Here Paul expresses how much it hurts his heart to see that many of his own fellow Israelites have chosen to reject Jesus as their Saviour (Messiah) and how much he wishes that they would know Jesus personally.
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Romans 8:31-35 (NIV)
31 What, then, shall we say in response to this? If God is for us, who can be against us?
32 He who did not spare his own Son, but gave him up for us all–how will he not also, along with him, graciously give us all things?
33 Who will bring any charge against those whom God has chosen? It is God who justifies.
34 Who is he that condemns? Christ Jesus, who died–more than that, who was raised to life–is at the right hand of God and is also interceding for us.
35 Who shall separate us from the love of Christ? Shall trouble or hardship or persecution or famine or nakedness or danger or sword?
On verses 31-35: In this passage Paul uses 7 rhetorical questions to express how immense, full, overpowering and all-surpassing is the love God has for us, such that we really have nothing to worry about when it comes to our lives, and every reason to thank God. All 7 questions are rhetorical, meaning that Paul asks them to make a point rather than to pose a real question. Let’s look at the points Paul is making with each question:
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Romans 8:18 (NIV)
18 I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us.
On verse 18: In the verse right before this one, Paul says that we are heirs of God and co-heirs with Christ “if we share in his sufferings in order that we may also share in his glory” (v17). Now here Paul says that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. So what sufferings is Paul referring to? Even though Jesus already suffered on the cross for us and paid the price in full so we could be forgiven, Jesus also says that in this world we will have trouble (John 16:33). So whenever you go through trials and hardships while living for Jesus, just remember that the suffering you’re going through is nothing compared to the glory that will be revealed in you in the end. Let the hope of future glory keep you in the fight and help you persevere through present hardship. As Paul says 2 Corinthians 4:17, “For our light and momentary troubles are achieving for us an eternal glory that far outweighs them all.” Trouble today is preparation for glory tomorrow.