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河東地的分配

〈民數記〉32:27 但你的僕人,凡帶兵器的,都要照我主所說的話,在耶和華面前過去打仗。

和米甸人打完戰之後,緊接著戰利品的分配,有人已經在觀察地勢。倘若以色列人通通越過約旦河,那麼這片剛剛打完佔領的土地要歸誰呢?土地很重要。有很多企業家都是從房地產發跡的,想要擁有龐大的財富,沒有土地是不可能的。因此許多人一有錢就買屋置地,因為投資不一定賺錢,但是土地永遠在那裡,最能保值。因此有些國家不賣土地,只讓人擁有九十九年。也有人想盡辦法挪移地界,想在不知不覺之中騙取別人的土地。但是我聽過最有趣的一則有關土地的新聞:有人在蓋完了新家之後,才發現是蓋在別人的土地上。

但是雅各的子孫可沒有那麼糊塗,流便和迦得的子孫在別人都還沒上心時,就留意到這塊肥沃的土地了。何必過約旦河呢?看看這些地土的青草長得何等青翠,看看那些牛羊惝徉在綠意無限的草地上,何等悠遊自在,有什麼地方比這片土地更合適他們住?何況,這塊地總得有人去住,對不對?他們不住,不是又給外邦人佔去了嗎?思考再三,他們去跟摩西和大司及眾首領提出申請。他們想要留在雅謝地和基列地,這兩地就是以色列人剛剛征服之地。你想,摩西聽了會有怎樣的反應呢?

怎麼可以這樣子?想撿現成的便宜?才剛打完第一仗,就不想再往前了?這地是大家一起打下來的,你們要去度假了,享受大家打來的地。那麼下一塊地,誰來幫忙打仗呢?假如大家都這樣做,那麼參與作戰的人越來越少,不是很不公平嗎?虧他們想得出來這麼自私的點子!摩西罵得比較有學問一點,有歷史有背景,引經據典。咱是在瞎湊熱鬧。

但是這兩個支派的代表也不是省油燈,他們說,冤枉了,老大。我們先造城壘圈,把婦人、孩子和牲畜安置好,就陪你們去打仗了,不打到大家都有地了,我們絕不回家。

Rest on Every Side

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 21:34-45.   Let’s go!

Joshua 21:34-42 (NIV) 
34  The Merarite clans (the rest of the Levites) were given: from the tribe of Zebulun, Jokneam, Kartah, 
35  Dimnah and Nahalal, together with their pasturelands–four towns; 
36  from the tribe of Reuben, Bezer, Jahaz, 
37  Kedemoth and Mephaath, together with their pasturelands–four towns; 
38  from the tribe of Gad, Ramoth in Gilead (a city of refuge for one accused of murder), Mahanaim, 
39  Heshbon and Jazer, together with their pasturelands–four towns in all. 
40  All the towns allotted to the Merarite clans, who were the rest of the Levites, were twelve. 
41  The towns of the Levites in the territory held by the Israelites were forty-eight in all, together with their pasturelands.
42  Each of these towns had pasturelands surrounding it; this was true for all these towns.

On verses 34-42:  These verses conclude the list of towns that were given to the tribe of Levi, ending with the Merarite clans. “Merari” literally means “bitter”. The fact that these Levites could receive these towns as well as pasturelands, and this despite the sin that their forefather had committed in Genesis 34, is a pretty sweet deal made possible by God’s grace. 

戮米甸人

〈民數記〉31:2 「你要在米甸人身上報以色列人的仇,後來要歸到你列祖那裡。」

神下令叫摩西帶領以色列人去殺米甸人,等報完這個仇,就要回天家了。歸到列祖那裡,就是回天家的意思。換了是你,若老闆說,你把這工作做完,就可以回家,不必再來上班了。你會有何感想?你會好好去做完老闆交代下的最後一個工作嗎?

摩西完全順服,他立刻分配以色列人出戰。

米甸人可能沒想到他們陷害以色列人,會引起滅頂之災。米甸人是亞伯拉罕的第二位妻子基土拉的後裔,他們最初出現時,把約瑟賣到埃及;再來和亞瑪力人、摩押人聯合來欺負以色列人。最糟糕的是,術士巴蘭是米甸人,他不但跟摩押王獻計,還鼓動自己人去行惡作亂,使以色列人陷入淫亂與拜偶像的網羅裡。因此神說要報仇,為他們陷害以色列人的罪報仇。因為巴蘭設計讓以色列人得罪耶和華;以致神懲罰以色列人,以色列人因而死了兩萬四千人(民25)。所以神要報仇。

有時我們被人陷害,遭受打擊和損失,而害我們的人卻還活得津津有味,享受人生,難免心懷不平。此時要想想米甸人的結局,他們所有的男丁都被殺了。在所殺的人中,包括米甸的五王,就是以未、利金、蘇珥、戶珥、利巴,還有比珥的兒子巴蘭。

以色列人擄了米甸人的婦女孩子,並將他們的牲畜、羊群,和所有的財物都奪了來,當作擄物,又用火焚燒他們所住的城邑和所有的營寨,把一切所奪的、所擄的,連人帶牲畜都帶了去,將所擄的人,所奪的牲畜、財物,都帶到摩押平原,在約旦河邊與耶利哥相對的營盤,交給摩西和祭司以利亞撒,並以色列的會眾。

回到以色列營地後,又把所有的男孩和己結過婚的女人都殺了,因為她們正是引誘以色列人犯罪的禍首。以色列的軍長們竟然忘記這件事,還把這些女人都帶回營,那不是要再次害死以色列人嗎?

When God Changed Your Destiny

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 21:23-33.   Let’s go!

Joshua 21:23-33 (NIV) 
23  Also from the tribe of Dan they received Eltekeh, Gibbethon, 
24  Aijalon and Gath Rimmon, together with their pasturelands–four towns. 
25  From half the tribe of Manasseh they received Taanach and Gath Rimmon, together with their pasturelands–two towns. 
26  All these ten towns and their pasturelands were given to the rest of the Kohathite clans. 
27  The Levite clans of the Gershonites were given: from the half-tribe of Manasseh, Golan in Bashan (a city of refuge for one accused of murder) and Be Eshtarah, together with their pasturelands–two towns; 
28  from the tribe of Issachar, Kishion, Daberath, 
29  Jarmuth and En Gannim, together with their pasturelands–four towns; 
30  from the tribe of Asher, Mishal, Abdon, 
31  Helkath and Rehob, together with their pasturelands–four towns; 
32  from the tribe of Naphtali, Kedesh in Galilee (a city of refuge for one accused of murder), Hammoth Dor and Kartan, together with their pasturelands–three towns. 
33  All the towns of the Gershonite clans were thirteen, together with their pasturelands.

On verses 23-33:  These verses continue to describe the towns given to the Levites.  In verses 23-26 we read of the towns given to the rest of the Kohathites (v23-26).  Then in verses 27-33 we read of the towns given to the descendants of Levi’s oldest son Gershon, known as the Gershonites. 

許願之例

〈民數記〉 30:2 人若向耶和華許願或起誓,要約束自己,就不可食言,必要按口中所出的一切話行。

過年時大家最喜歡許願或立志,不知道時至今日(1月19日),你所許的願或立下的志可否有實行了?我立下一個志願,今年每一天都要先寫完功課再玩遊戲,或看電影,到目前為止,己經保持了19天,希望不要破記錄。

許願或立志的實行關鍵在於「要約束自己」,才不會食言,才有可能按口中所出的一切話行。「約束自己」,不是一件容易的事。例如減肥,大家都知道只要吃得健康,加上運動就可以了。胖的原因就是熱量進得多,消耗得少,自然增磅;只要消耗的熱量比進食的熱量多,自然減肥。但是能約束自己的人不多,所以減肥成功的人也不多。自己對自己許的願都不容易做到,何況對神所許的願。

在〈士師記〉裡,以色列人屨屨向神許願,不去拜外邦人的偶像,但是每次神拯救他們之後,他們就又轉去拜偶像。他們不能約束自己,總是投降於自己的邪情私慾和引誘,因而被罪所困,痛苦不堪。

有許多人在危急時,也會向神許願求助;但是一旦神聽了人的呼求,幫助他度過困難或窘迫的時刻後,很多人都會忘記曾經許過的願。不然就說事有湊巧,不肯把榮耀歸給神。

在〈士師記〉裡有一個很出名的例子,就是耶弗他。耶弗他要出征去和亞捫人打仗前,向神許願:「你若將亞捫人交在我手中,我從亞捫人那裡平平安安回來的時候,無論什麼人,先從我家門出來迎接我,就必歸你,我也必將他獻上為燔祭。(士11:30-31)」沒想到他的獨生女因為太愛她的父親,等耶弗他一回來,就拿著鼓跳舞出來迎接他 。耶弗他雖然極度痛苦,但還是實現他對神的許願。有的人認為,是讓他的女兒終身不嫁,不是燒為燔祭,因為耶和華神不喜歡用人做為祭品;但也有人認為他真的把女兒獻為燔祭。不管怎樣,耶弗他在極大的痛苦中,依然守住自己的願,向神還願,是一個很了不起的人。

Where Saint and Sinner Meet

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 21:13-22.   Let’s go!

Joshua 21:13-22 (NIV) 
13  So to the descendants of Aaron the priest they gave Hebron (a city of refuge for one accused of murder), Libnah, 
14  Jattir, Eshtemoa, 
15  Holon, Debir, 
16  Ain, Juttah and Beth Shemesh, together with their pasturelands–nine towns from these two tribes. 
17  And from the tribe of Benjamin they gave them Gibeon, Geba, 
18  Anathoth and Almon, together with their pasturelands–four towns. 
19  All the towns for the priests, the descendants of Aaron, were thirteen, together with their pasturelands. 
20  The rest of the Kohathite clans of the Levites were allotted towns from the tribe of Ephraim: 
21  In the hill country of Ephraim they were given Shechem (a city of refuge for one accused of murder) and Gezer, 
22  Kibzaim and Beth Horon, together with their pasturelands–four towns.

On verses 13-22:  These verses continue to describe the towns given to the Kohathite division of the Levites, starting with the descendants of Aaron (v13-19) and then moving onto to the rest of the Kohathites (v20-22).  Notice that these Levites are given two cities of refuge, Hebron (v13) and Shechem (v21).  As discussed in Joshua 20, cities of refuge were towns where a person accused of murder could flee to for safety until he received a fair trial. 

住棚節當獻之祭

〈民數記〉29:12-40七月十五日,你們當有聖會,什麼勞碌的工都不可做,要向耶和華守節七日。又要將公牛犢十三隻、公綿羊兩隻、一歲的公羊羔十四隻,都要沒有殘疾的,用火獻給耶和華為馨香的燔祭。同獻的素祭用調油的細麵:為那十三隻公牛每隻要獻伊法十分之三,為那兩隻公羊每隻要獻伊法十分之二,為那十四隻羊羔每隻要獻伊法十分之一。並獻一隻公山羊為贖罪祭,這是在常獻的燔祭和同獻的素祭並同獻的奠祭以外。

和贖罪日的氣氛完全相反,住棚節是一個充滿了歡樂的節期,把贖罪日的嚴肅和哀傷一掃而空。在〈利未記〉23章40節裡,神要以色列人「在耶和華你們的神面前歡樂七日」,以色列人要住在棚裡七日,以記念神帶領他們的祖先出埃及時,曾使他們住在棚裡。

記念耶和華的恩惠,使人對生命有盼望。有一首歌的副歌歌詞這樣說:“It is no secret what God can do, What He has done for others, He’ll do for you.”意思是說,神若為別人行了大事,祂也會為你行大事。所以記念神為以色列先祖行的神蹟,便可以明白神也會為現在的以色列人行神蹟。神為以前的聖徒行神蹟,也會為現在信靠祂的人行神蹟。

在《每日研經叢書》裡對住棚節有極美的詮釋:「住棚節一共有八天。要獻的公牛犢從第一天的十三隻遞減,每天減一隻。到了第八天用一隻公牛即可。」根據拉比的解釋,猶太人傳統上在頭七日共獻上70隻公牛,代表全世界的70個民族(基於創十章),藉著為他們獻祭,期望他們轉向以色列的神。而頭七日每天獻14隻羊羔,共98隻,是為了避免〈申命記〉28章15至68節中記載的98個咒詛。在第八日的獻祭只為以色列自己。在〈利未記〉23章39至43節的經文中,這個節期的名稱得到了解釋。我們在那裏讀到:『你們要住在棚裏七日;凡以色列家的人都要住在棚裏。』它現在變成一個回想和認明上帝在曠野無微不至的照顧和訓練祂的百姓的時間──這與〈民數記〉中的事件相關的時間,這就不同於這個節期原來在農業上的目的。

Your Share in the Inheritance

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 21:1-12.   Let’s go!

Joshua 21:1-12 (NIV) 
1  Now the family heads of the Levites approached Eleazar the priest, Joshua son of Nun, and the heads of the other tribal families of Israel
2  at Shiloh in Canaan and said to them, “The LORD commanded through Moses that you give us towns to live in, with pasturelands for our livestock.”
3  So, as the LORD had commanded, the Israelites gave the Levites the following towns and pasturelands out of their own inheritance:

On verses 1-12:  When Moses was still alive and leading the Israelites, God had commanded that upon taking possession of the promised land, the Israelites were to give the tribe of Levi towns to live in and to possess.  God even commanded that these towns and pasturelands for the Levites be taken from the Israelites’ own inheritance (see Numbers 35:1-5).  This was quite an act of grace and mercy toward Levi and his descendants.  That’s because when Levi was alive, he was notorious for a vengeful series of killings that he and his brother Simeon committed in Genesis 34.  Levi and Simeon’s sins had the effect of disqualifying their descendants from owning large areas of land for themselves (see Genesis 49:5-7).  By commanding the rest of the Israelite tribes to give towns and pasturelands to the Levites, God was showing great grace and mercy to Levi and his descendants.

更豐盛的生命(之2)

如同福杯滿溢的人生

  第二,一個有豐盛生命的人,是一個流露生命、分享生命的人,因為他的生命豐盛,他便流露出這豐盛,正像一個杯,你盛水、奶在裡面,當這杯充滿以後,就流出來了,這是很自然的,一點不勉強的,好像《聖經》所講的「福杯滿溢」。今天為什麼有一些人一面事奉上帝,一面很痛苦呢?如果我們的事奉加上憂鬱、痛苦,我們的事奉就不正常。一個正常的事奉應當是歡歡喜喜、充滿喜樂的事奉,雖然有很多身體上的辛苦勞累,但我們心裡的滿足、快樂讓我們忘記曾經付出的代價。請問,你的事奉是充滿喜樂,或是充滿不滿的痛苦呢?你說:「我怎麼可能一面事奉,一面充滿喜樂呢?」因為你明白耶穌所講一句很重要的話:「施比受更為有福」。

為什麼世界容納不下耶穌一切所行的?

  這句話是耶穌所講的,但在〈馬太福音〉沒有,在〈馬可福音〉沒有,在〈路加福音〉沒有,在〈約翰福音〉也沒有。耶穌的話不是記載在四福音嗎?這句話是從哪裡的呢?這句話是在〈使徒行傳〉裡告訴我們的。換句話說,四福音沒有把耶穌講過的話、做過的事的一切都記下來,這也是為什麼〈約翰福音〉最後一章最後一節說:「耶穌所行的事還有許多,若是一一的都寫出來,我想,所寫的書就是世界也容不下了」(約21:25)。我從小就思想為什麼這節經文說如果將耶穌所行的事都記載下來,就連世界都容不下。我想了十多年,最後才想清楚。我想很多基督徒也曾想過卻不得其解。

  為什麼說世界都容不下呢?很容易明白的,因為不但地球是祂造的,宇宙千千萬萬億的星球也是祂造的,所以如果把祂在宇宙中所做的事都記下來,這世界一定記不下。古代人憑著他們有限的天文知識,以為天上的星是很少的。我們能數的有限,我們知道的有限,我們看見的有限,所以當上帝對亞伯拉罕說:「我要賜福,使你的子孫像天上的星、海邊的沙那樣多 (創22:17) 」的時候,這兩個很不平衡的比喻到底在講什麼呢?你的子孫像天上的星,這有多少呢?你的子孫像地上的沙,這算得出來嗎?我們感覺上面的很少,下面的太多,我們就沒有辦法明白這其間的比例到底是什麼。但當人類的天文學知識越來越多的時候,人類發明望遠鏡,透過望遠鏡看天上的星的時候,才知道天上的星是千千萬萬,怎樣數都數不清,我們才醒悟過來,「原來上帝的話是沒有錯的」。

Jesus > Cities of Refuge

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 20:1-9.  Let’s go!

Joshua 20:1-9 (NIV) 
1  Then the LORD said to Joshua:
2  “Tell the Israelites to designate the cities of refuge, as I instructed you through Moses,
3  so that anyone who kills a person accidentally and unintentionally may flee there and find protection from the avenger of blood.
4  “When he flees to one of these cities, he is to stand in the entrance of the city gate and state his case before the elders of that city. Then they are to admit him into their city and give him a place to live with them…….

On verses 1-9:  When Moses was still leading the Israelites, long before Joshua and the Israelites stepped foot onto the promised land, God gave instructions to the Israelites to set up six towns as “cities of refuge” (v2, see also Numbers 35).  What was the purpose of “cities of refuge”?   Keep in mind that the Jewish law was based on the principle of “an eye for an eye”. Thus, according to the Jewish law, if one person killed another, the killer himself would need to be killed.   The “avenger of blood” (v5) was the individual officially appointed to kill the killer.  However, if the killer killed his victim unintentionally, the killer could run to a city of refuge for safety.  As long as the killer was within the boundaries of the city of refuge, the avenger of blood could not touch him, until such time as he was put on trial and declared guilty of murder.