Luke 11:37-41 (NIV)
37 When Jesus had finished speaking, a Pharisee invited him to eat with him; so he went in and reclined at the table.
38 But the Pharisee, noticing that Jesus did not first wash before the meal, was surprised.
39 Then the Lord said to him, “Now then, you Pharisees clean the outside of the cup and dish, but inside you are full of greed and wickedness.
40 You foolish people! Did not the one who made the outside make the inside also?
41 But give what is inside [the dish] to the poor, and everything will be clean for you.
On verses 37-41: Although washing hands before a meal is a good sanitary practice, Scripture did not require Jews to wash their hands before eating. So when Jesus went to a Pharisee’s house for a meal and did not wash his hands before eating, he was not sinning against God.
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Luke 11:27-32 (NIV)
27 As Jesus was saying these things, a woman in the crowd called out, “Blessed is the mother who gave you birth and nursed you.”
28 He replied, “Blessed rather are those who hear the word of God and obey it.”
29 As the crowds increased, Jesus said, “This is a wicked generation. It asks for a miraculous sign, but none will be given it except the sign of Jonah.
30 For as Jonah was a sign to the Ninevites, so also will the Son of Man be to this generation.
31 The Queen of the South will rise at the judgment with the men of this generation and condemn them; for she came from the ends of the earth to listen to Solomon’s wisdom, and now one greater than Solomon is here.
32 The men of Nineveh will stand up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it; for they repented at the preaching of Jonah, and now one greater than Jonah is here.
On verses 27-32: There are a number of important lessons we can learn from this passage. I look forward to sharing them with you today.
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螢幕上的這些感人的場景將這場海難中的人性光輝表現得淋漓盡致,然而它們卻並不是卡梅隆導演為博人眼目而虛構的電影「橋段」,而是取材於發生在海難時的真人真事。那位留在原地的小提琴樂手,他的的名字叫華萊士•哈特利(Wallace Henry Hartley),生前是「泰坦尼克號」上樂隊的指揮兼小提琴手;與他合奏的幾位夥伴也是郵輪樂隊的成員。而他們最後演奏的那首曲子是一首讚美詩歌,就是我今天要介紹的「更加與主接近」(Nearer, My God, to Thee )。
△以上為《泰坦尼克号》電影中華萊士拉起《更加與主接近》的视频影像
02 作者與創作
我們先來瞭解一下這首詩歌的作者。她的本名叫莎拉•弗勞爾 (Sarah F. Flower),婚後隨夫姓叫莎拉• 亞當斯(Sarah F. Adams),1805年2月22日生於英國埃塞克斯的哈洛。莎拉的父親曾是劍橋大學的一名職員,後來成為劍橋一份報紙的記者和編輯。受家庭的薰陶和影響,莎拉在22歲起就在文壇上嶄露頭角,經常在報刊上發表自己的作品。
相比較文學創作,莎拉其實更喜歡戲劇,而且在聲樂上極有天賦。她一直夢想著有一天能夠登上舞臺,盡情表現自己的表演才華。1834 年她29歲時與約翰•亞當斯(John B. Adams)結婚。丈夫雖然是一名鐵路工程師,卻非常理解支持她的抱負,鼓勵她去實現理想。
據海難之後一位過去曾經與他在另一個郵輪公司一起工作過的同事他的同事劉易斯·克羅斯(Lewis Cross)回憶,他清楚地記得華萊士曾經這樣對他說過:如果在一條即將沉沒的船上,他最後選擇演奏的曲子必定是「更加與主接近」或「千古保障歌」(Our God, Our Help in Ages Past)!因此,在泰坦尼克號上的那一刻他只是實踐了自己的諾言。
Luke 11:14-20 (NIV)
14 Jesus was driving out a demon that was mute. When the demon left, the man who had been mute spoke, and the crowd was amazed.
15 But some of them said, “By Beelzebub, the prince of demons, he is driving out demons.”
16 Others tested him by asking for a sign from heaven.
17 Jesus knew their thoughts and said to them: “Any kingdom divided against itself will be ruined, and a house divided against itself will fall.
18 If Satan is divided against himself, how can his kingdom stand? I say this because you claim that I drive out demons by Beelzebub.
19 Now if I drive out demons by Beelzebub, by whom do your followers drive them out? So then, they will be your judges.
20 But if I drive out demons by the finger of God, then the kingdom of God has come to you.
On verses 14-20: Jesus’ critics argued that because “ordinary” evil spirits listened to Jesus’ commands, Jesus must be controlled and empowered by an even greater evil spirit. Jesus counters this by saying that Satan’s kingdom would not have such power and influence in this world if Satan’s kingdom was divided. Rather, when Jesus drives out demons, it’s the kingdom of God advancing against Satan’s kingdom.
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Luke 11:1-4 (NIV)
1 One day Jesus was praying in a certain place. When he finished, one of his disciples said to him, “Lord, teach us to pray, just as John taught his disciples.”
2 He said to them, “When you pray, say: “‘Father, hallowed be your name, your kingdom come.
3 Give us each day our daily bread.
4 Forgive us our sins, for we also forgive everyone who sins against us. And lead us not into temptation.'”
On verses 1-4: Notice that when Jesus teaches his disciples to pray, Jesus gives them an actual real time example of how to pray. (It’s a reminder that the best teachers lead by example and show you with their life what they’re teaching.) This prayer recorded in verses 2-4, known as the Lord’s Prayer, is the most famous and most commonly recited prayer in history. There is certainly benefit in memorizing this prayer and reciting it as your own prayer. But in addition, I believe the Lord’s prayer was not simply meant for us to recite word for word; even more, there are lessons and principles about prayer that we can learn from the Lord’s Prayer, including the following:
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Luke 10:30-33 (NIV)
30 In reply Jesus said: “A man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, when he fell into the hands of robbers. They stripped him of his clothes, beat him and went away, leaving him half dead.
31 A priest happened to be going down the same road, and when he saw the man, he passed by on the other side.
32 So too, a Levite, when he came to the place and saw him, passed by on the other side.
33 But a Samaritan, as he traveled, came where the man was; and when he saw him, he took pity on him.
On verses 30-33: In reply to the teacher’s question in verse 29, “Who is my neighbour [that I should love him as I love myself]?” Jesus tells one of his most famous stories: the parable (short story) of the good Samaritan. Keep in mind that Jesus is telling this story to an audience mostly of Jews at a time when racial tensions between Jews and Samaritans were high. The fact that Jesus makes the Samaritan the hero of this story would have come as a shock to many Jews listening, challenging them to rethink their views on Samaritans and suggesting that the kingdom of God is not just for Jews but for people of all nations.
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