Luke 11:37-41 (NIV)
37 When Jesus had finished speaking, a Pharisee invited him to eat with him; so he went in and reclined at the table.
38 But the Pharisee, noticing that Jesus did not first wash before the meal, was surprised.
39 Then the Lord said to him, “Now then, you Pharisees clean the outside of the cup and dish, but inside you are full of greed and wickedness.
40 You foolish people! Did not the one who made the outside make the inside also?
41 But give what is inside [the dish] to the poor, and everything will be clean for you.
On verses 37-41: Although washing hands before a meal is a good sanitary practice, Scripture did not require Jews to wash their hands before eating. So when Jesus went to a Pharisee’s house for a meal and did not wash his hands before eating, he was not sinning against God.
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Luke 11:27-32 (NIV)
27 As Jesus was saying these things, a woman in the crowd called out, “Blessed is the mother who gave you birth and nursed you.”
28 He replied, “Blessed rather are those who hear the word of God and obey it.”
29 As the crowds increased, Jesus said, “This is a wicked generation. It asks for a miraculous sign, but none will be given it except the sign of Jonah.
30 For as Jonah was a sign to the Ninevites, so also will the Son of Man be to this generation.
31 The Queen of the South will rise at the judgment with the men of this generation and condemn them; for she came from the ends of the earth to listen to Solomon’s wisdom, and now one greater than Solomon is here.
32 The men of Nineveh will stand up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it; for they repented at the preaching of Jonah, and now one greater than Jonah is here.
On verses 27-32: There are a number of important lessons we can learn from this passage. I look forward to sharing them with you today.
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萤幕上的这些感人的场景将这场海难中的人性光辉表现得淋漓尽致,然而它们却并不是卡梅隆导演为博人眼目而虚构的电影「桥段」,而是取材于发生在海难时的真人真事。那位留在原地的小提琴乐手,他的的名字叫华莱士•哈特利(Wallace Henry Hartley),生前是「泰坦尼克号」上乐队的指挥兼小提琴手;与他合奏的几位伙伴也是邮轮乐队的成员。而他们最后演奏的那首曲子是一首赞美诗歌,就是我今天要介绍的「更加与主接近」(Nearer, My God, to Thee )。
△以上为《泰坦尼克号》电影中华莱士拉起《更加与主接近》的视频影像
02 作者与创作
我们先来了解一下这首诗歌的作者。她的本名叫莎拉•弗劳尔 (Sarah F. Flower),婚后随夫姓叫莎拉• 亚当斯(Sarah F. Adams),1805年2月22日生于英国埃塞克斯的哈洛。莎拉的父亲曾是剑桥大学的一名职员,后来成为剑桥一份报纸的记者和编辑。受家庭的薰陶和影响,莎拉在22岁起就在文坛上崭露头角,经常在报刊上发表自己的作品。
相比较文学创作,莎拉其实更喜欢戏剧,而且在声乐上极有天赋。她一直梦想着有一天能够登上舞台,尽情表现自己的表演才华。1834 年她29岁时与约翰•亚当斯(John B. Adams)结婚。丈夫虽然是一名铁路工程师,却非常理解支持她的抱负,鼓励她去实现理想。
据海难之后一位过去曾经与他在另一个邮轮公司一起工作过的同事他的同事刘易斯·克罗斯(Lewis Cross)回忆,他清楚地记得华莱士曾经这样对他说过:如果在一条即将沉没的船上,他最后选择演奏的曲子必定是「更加与主接近」或「千古保障歌」(Our God, Our Help in Ages Past)!因此,在泰坦尼克号上的那一刻他只是实践了自己的诺言。
Luke 11:14-20 (NIV)
14 Jesus was driving out a demon that was mute. When the demon left, the man who had been mute spoke, and the crowd was amazed.
15 But some of them said, “By Beelzebub, the prince of demons, he is driving out demons.”
16 Others tested him by asking for a sign from heaven.
17 Jesus knew their thoughts and said to them: “Any kingdom divided against itself will be ruined, and a house divided against itself will fall.
18 If Satan is divided against himself, how can his kingdom stand? I say this because you claim that I drive out demons by Beelzebub.
19 Now if I drive out demons by Beelzebub, by whom do your followers drive them out? So then, they will be your judges.
20 But if I drive out demons by the finger of God, then the kingdom of God has come to you.
On verses 14-20: Jesus’ critics argued that because “ordinary” evil spirits listened to Jesus’ commands, Jesus must be controlled and empowered by an even greater evil spirit. Jesus counters this by saying that Satan’s kingdom would not have such power and influence in this world if Satan’s kingdom was divided. Rather, when Jesus drives out demons, it’s the kingdom of God advancing against Satan’s kingdom.
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Luke 11:1-4 (NIV)
1 One day Jesus was praying in a certain place. When he finished, one of his disciples said to him, “Lord, teach us to pray, just as John taught his disciples.”
2 He said to them, “When you pray, say: “‘Father, hallowed be your name, your kingdom come.
3 Give us each day our daily bread.
4 Forgive us our sins, for we also forgive everyone who sins against us. And lead us not into temptation.'”
On verses 1-4: Notice that when Jesus teaches his disciples to pray, Jesus gives them an actual real time example of how to pray. (It’s a reminder that the best teachers lead by example and show you with their life what they’re teaching.) This prayer recorded in verses 2-4, known as the Lord’s Prayer, is the most famous and most commonly recited prayer in history. There is certainly benefit in memorizing this prayer and reciting it as your own prayer. But in addition, I believe the Lord’s prayer was not simply meant for us to recite word for word; even more, there are lessons and principles about prayer that we can learn from the Lord’s Prayer, including the following:
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Luke 10:30-33 (NIV)
30 In reply Jesus said: “A man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, when he fell into the hands of robbers. They stripped him of his clothes, beat him and went away, leaving him half dead.
31 A priest happened to be going down the same road, and when he saw the man, he passed by on the other side.
32 So too, a Levite, when he came to the place and saw him, passed by on the other side.
33 But a Samaritan, as he traveled, came where the man was; and when he saw him, he took pity on him.
On verses 30-33: In reply to the teacher’s question in verse 29, “Who is my neighbour [that I should love him as I love myself]?” Jesus tells one of his most famous stories: the parable (short story) of the good Samaritan. Keep in mind that Jesus is telling this story to an audience mostly of Jews at a time when racial tensions between Jews and Samaritans were high. The fact that Jesus makes the Samaritan the hero of this story would have come as a shock to many Jews listening, challenging them to rethink their views on Samaritans and suggesting that the kingdom of God is not just for Jews but for people of all nations.
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