Today’s passage is Leviticus 4:22-35. With a humble heart, see what sticks out to you in this passage. Is there a verse, a phrase, or a lesson you think the Holy Spirit may be highlighting for you in this passage? After you’ve thought about the passage yourself a bit, read the GAME sharing below. Let’s go!
Leviticus 4:22-35 (NIV)
22 “‘When a leader sins unintentionally and does what is forbidden in any of the commands of the LORD his God, he is guilty.
23 When he is made aware of the sin he committed, he must bring as his offering a male goat without defect.
On verses 22-35: In Leviticus 4, notice that when a person sins unintentionally, the animal to be sacrificed for the sin offering depends on the person’s position in the community.
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Today’s passage is Leviticus 4:1-17. With a humble heart, see what sticks out to you in this passage. Is there a verse, a phrase, or a lesson you think the Holy Spirit may be highlighting for you in this passage? After you’ve thought about the passage yourself a bit, read the GAME sharing below. Let’s go!
Leviticus 4:1-21 (NIV)
1 The LORD said to Moses,
2 “Say to the Israelites: ‘When anyone sins unintentionally and does what is forbidden in any of the LORD’s commands–
3 “‘If the anointed priest sins, bringing guilt on the people, he must bring to the LORD a young bull without defect as a sin offering for the sin he has committed.
On verses 1-21: Leviticus 4:1-21 talks about what happens when a Jew sins against God unintentionally (v1). For example, maybe that person did something that was against God’s laws but they were not aware that they did it, or maybe they didn’t know it was something God’s laws prohibited.
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Today’s passage is Leviticus 3:1-17. With a humble heart, see what sticks out to you in this passage. Is there a verse, a phrase, or a lesson you think the Holy Spirit may be highlighting for you in this passage? After you’ve thought about the passage yourself a bit, read the GAME sharing below. Let’s go!
Leviticus 3:1-17 (NIV)
1 “‘If someone’s offering is a fellowship offering, and he offers an animal from the herd, whether male or female, he is to present before the LORD an animal without defect.
2 He is to lay his hand on the head of his offering and slaughter it at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting. Then Aaron’s sons the priests shall sprinkle the blood against the altar on all sides.
On verses 1-17: As you read the first few chapters of Leviticus talking about the different offerings that God commanded the Jews to give, maybe you’re thinking, “What do these offerings have anything to do with us today?” These offerings have much to do with us. They are pictures foreshadowing what Christ would do for us in the New Testament. Each offering described in Leviticus speaks to a unique aspect of our relationship with God through Jesus Christ.
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Today’s passage is Leviticus 2:1-16. With a humble heart, see what sticks out to you in this passage. Is there a verse, a phrase, or a lesson you think the Holy Spirit may be highlighting for you in this passage? After you’ve thought about the passage yourself a bit, read the GAME sharing below. Let’s go!
Leviticus 2:1-12 (NIV)
1 “‘When someone brings a grain offering to the LORD, his offering is to be of fine flour. He is to pour oil on it, put incense on it
2 and take it to Aaron’s sons the priests. The priest shall take a handful of the fine flour and oil, together with all the incense, and burn this as a memorial portion on the altar, an offering made by fire, an aroma pleasing to the LORD.
On verses 1-12: Leviticus 2 describes a second type of offering that the Israelites were commanded to give: the grain offering. Whereas the burnt offering in Leviticus 1 involved sacrificing animals for the forgiveness of sins, the grain offering in Leviticus 2 involved sacrificing vegetables (i.e. grain) and was for the purpose of giving thanks to God.
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引言:在1867年一個冬日的午後,在威斯康辛州埃爾克霍恩(Elk Horn)小鎮的一家藥店裏,店主和一位客人之間彼此閒聊的一句話,竟然促成了一首聖詩的誕生,一直流傳到今日,甚至還成為人們在追思親人離世時常唱的詩歌之一。它就是我今天要介紹的《同聚美地》(In The Sweet By and By;也有譯成“讚慕福地”)。而這兩位因聊天而載入聖詩史冊的男人就是桑福德·貝內特(Sanford F. Bennett 1836-1898)和約瑟夫·韋伯斯特(Joseph P. Webster 1819-1875)。
離開學校後貝內特曾先後擔任過一家學校的校長以及一家報社的副主編。南北戰爭爆發後,他在1864年加入了屬於北方反奴隸制陣營的威斯康辛志願軍,成為第40步兵團的一名少尉軍官。二年後內戰結束,他選擇在威斯康星州的埃爾克霍恩定居,並在當地開設了一家藥店。在此期間,他一邊在藥房當藥劑師,同時又利用冬季學期在芝加哥的拉什醫學院(Rush Medical College)繼續深造,並且終於在1874年獲得了醫學博士(M.D.)的學位。
在貝內特的一生中,因為他經歷過戰爭的殘酷和血腥,同時自己又長期深受身體疾病的折磨,故他對人生的苦難和生命的脆弱有著比常人更深的體會。這種切身的感受,使得他無論是在經營藥房階段,還是在行醫期間,對前來求助的病人和身邊的朋友總是懷著格外的同情與關懷。而正是這份仁心,使得他與許多人都成為有著良好互動及可交心的朋友,其中就包括那天的藥房來客約瑟夫.韋伯斯特(Joseph P. Webster);兩人合作創作了不少讚美詩歌。
(二)
接著我來介紹這位韋伯斯特。他1819年出生於美國新罕布夏州的曼徹斯特附近,自幼就展現出非凡的音樂天賦,通過自學就掌握了小提琴、長笛與打擊樂器的演奏技巧。完成初中教育後他進入位於家鄉不遠的彭布羅克學院(Pembroke Academy)。這是一所成立於1818年的私立預科學校,以注重文學與藝術教育而聞名;在這裏,韋伯斯特初步接受了學術與音樂訓練,為他日後走上專業音樂之路打下了必要的基礎。1840年,他前往波士頓音樂學院深造,師從美國聖樂教育改革的先驅洛厄爾·梅森(Lowell Mason)與喬治·詹姆斯·韋布(George J. Webb)等大師。畢業後他一度活躍於美國東北部的音樂界,指揮過一個名為“歐洲人”的四重奏樂團,並作為歌手在各地巡迴演出,深受觀眾喜愛。
韋伯斯特在創作這首《同聚美地》之前已經是一名知名的作曲家。他的成名之作是一首名叫《洛雷納》(Lorena)的歌曲。此歌的歌詞是出於俄亥俄州一名年輕的牧師之手,他的名字叫亨利·韋伯斯特。當時他因思念迫於家庭的反對而另嫁他人的女友而寫下了這首抒情長詩。該詩在1856年經韋伯斯特譜曲後迅速風靡全美,特別是到了南北戰爭期間,這首歌還成為雙方士兵們最為喜愛的曲目之一。甚至還有人將這首歌歸於南方陣營之所以戰敗的一個重要因素,因為那些遠離家鄉作戰的軍人每當聽到這首歌,都會特別想念家中的妻子和女友,從而失去了戰鬥力。據說在具有決定性的關鍵一戰亞特蘭大戰役(Battle of Atlanta)中,被擊敗的南方軍隊就是在沮喪中唱著這首歌退出了戰斗。1937年拍攝的那部反映美國內戰歷史的史詩電影《飄》(Gone with the Wind)中,有一個情節也特地採用了這首歌曲的旋律來作為配樂。
「韋伯斯特先生性情極為敏感,情緒容易波動。每當他陷入低谷,世間萬物在他眼中便蒙上陰霾。我深知他的脾性,一見他神色黯然,便知他又被愁緒纏繞。我知道此時只需給他一首新詩來譜曲,便能令他重新振作起來。那日,他走進藥店,默默站在火爐旁,背對著我站著。我從書桌前抬頭問道:“韋伯斯特,這回又怎麼了?” 他低聲答道:“沒什麼,不久之後就會好起來的。”(It’s no matter. It will be all right by and by.)」
(筆者註:“By and By”是十九世紀在日常生活和詩歌中常用的一個副詞短語,意“不久之后 / 将来某个时候” in the near or indefinite future)
「他的這句話如同一道太陽的強光閃現在我的腦海中,寫詩的靈感瞬間湧現。我脫口而出:“‘In the Sweet By and By’——這難道不是一個絕妙的詩歌標題嗎?”“或許吧!”他依然興致索然地回應道。我立刻轉身提筆,一氣呵成將心中浮現的靈感寫成了這首詩歌。當我將寫好的詩句遞給他時,他的目光立刻明亮起來。他大步走到書桌前開始譜曲,接著又拿起隨身帶來的小提琴試奏旋律,並隨即寫下副歌的音符。完成譜曲後正好有兩位朋友也來到藥房,於是我們四人就一同試唱起了這首新作。整個過程只用了短短的三十分鐘。」(筆者譯自《My life and the story of the gospel hymns 》By Ira David Sankey,Harper & Brother Publishers, 第149-151頁)
▲以上是一幅反映在貝內特藥房裡四個人試唱這首詩歌的版畫
(四)
《同聚美地》
有一地比日中更光耀,雖遙遠我因信望得見;
我天父在那地常等候,早為我備安宅於裏面。
到美地齊歌詠而頌贊,同眾聖徒喜樂到萬年;
真快樂有永遠之生命,無懼怕,無憂愁,無掛念。
我聖父在高天何慈愛,將至尊獨生子降於世;
開福源一直流至萬代,主恩惠要讚美永不止。
(副歌)
到日期,樂無比,與眾聖徒聚會在美地;
到日期,樂無比,與眾聖徒聚會在美地。
就這樣,一首傳世的詩歌就在這小鎮藥房裏經過這兩個男人看似不經意的對話而來到世上。當他們四個人試唱這首詩歌時,正好貝內特的內兄克勞斯比(R. R. Crosby)走了進來。他聽完他們唱後,流著淚地預言道:這首詩歌定會“流芳百世!”(immortal)
果然,當詩歌於1868年發表在那本名叫《Signet Ring》的歌本之後,很快就流傳開來。兩個星期之後,街上就有孩子們在唱這首詩歌;數年之後詩歌更是被翻譯成各種語言,傳遍了世界;甚至有報紙這樣報導說: “日光照耀之地都在唱這首詩歌”(sung in every land under the sun.)。
貝內特在詩歌中正是這樣謳歌描述了那番美景:那裏是“一片比白晝更璀璨的樂土”(a land that is fairer than day);在那裏,“天父正在等待著我們,並為我們預備好了安居的地方”(The Father waits over the way, to prepare us a dwelling place there);“我們將在那美地歌唱,祝福的歌聲悅耳悠揚”(We shall sing on that beautiful shore.The melodious songs of the blest.);在那裡,“我們的靈魂將不再會憂傷,也無需為求得安息的福分而歎息惆悵”(And our spirits shall sorrow no more,Not a sigh for the blessing of rest.);“在那甜蜜的將來”(In the sweet by and by),所有神的子民“將相聚在那美麗的彼岸”(shall meet on that beautiful shore),一起“把我們的感恩和讚美献上”(To our bountiful Father above,We will offer our tribute of praise),並永遠與主同在,享受那無法比擬的榮耀與福樂。(以上歌詞為筆者根據英文原作翻譯)
當然這首詩歌之所以成為經典,也離不開韋伯斯特賦予的旋律魅力。這位長期飽受疾病折磨、常陷於憂鬱的音樂人,他的生命經歷本身就蘊含著一種對安息與光明的深切渴望。他把這些情感化為感人的音符,傾注在貝內特所寫的詩句中。詩歌發表後不久即被美國著名的音樂編輯弗伯特·梅因(Hubert P. Main)注意到。他為韋伯斯特這首即興而成的曲調精心完成了編曲(Arrangement), 在保持原有風格的基礎上加上了前奏、尾聲與過渡等音符,並編配了四部和聲,從而使作品更富有層次與張力。經他編曲後的主旋律簡樸卻不失能量,節奏流暢并富有感染力,平穩的基调中蘊含著強烈的渴盼;到了副歌部分則隨著旋律的昇華,仿佛天門啟開,傳來眾聖徒在彼岸重逢時雀躍歡呼的迴響;整首詩歌的旋律和歌詞彼此相互輝映,成為一段動人的信仰告白。
Today’s passage is Leviticus 1:1-17. With a humble heart, see what sticks out to you in this passage. Is there a verse, a phrase, or a lesson you think the Holy Spirit may be highlighting for you in this passage? After you’ve thought about the passage yourself a bit, read the GAME sharing below. Let’s go!
Today we begin the book of Leviticus. According to many scholars, Leviticus was most likely written by Moses himself in approximately the second half of 15th century B.C. It was apparently the first book that a Jewish child studied and contained many of the sacrificial and ceremonial laws that the Jewish people were to follow. From the book of Leviticus we can learn a lot about the character of God.
Leviticus 1:1-2 (NIV)
1 The LORD called to Moses and spoke to him from the Tent of Meeting. He said,
2 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When any of you brings an offering to the LORD, bring as your offering an animal from either the herd or the flock.