Today’s passage is Leviticus 4:22-35. With a humble heart, see what sticks out to you in this passage. Is there a verse, a phrase, or a lesson you think the Holy Spirit may be highlighting for you in this passage? After you’ve thought about the passage yourself a bit, read the GAME sharing below. Let’s go!
Leviticus 4:22-35 (NIV)
22 “‘When a leader sins unintentionally and does what is forbidden in any of the commands of the LORD his God, he is guilty.
23 When he is made aware of the sin he committed, he must bring as his offering a male goat without defect.
On verses 22-35: In Leviticus 4, notice that when a person sins unintentionally, the animal to be sacrificed for the sin offering depends on the person’s position in the community.
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Today’s passage is Leviticus 4:1-17. With a humble heart, see what sticks out to you in this passage. Is there a verse, a phrase, or a lesson you think the Holy Spirit may be highlighting for you in this passage? After you’ve thought about the passage yourself a bit, read the GAME sharing below. Let’s go!
Leviticus 4:1-21 (NIV)
1 The LORD said to Moses,
2 “Say to the Israelites: ‘When anyone sins unintentionally and does what is forbidden in any of the LORD’s commands–
3 “‘If the anointed priest sins, bringing guilt on the people, he must bring to the LORD a young bull without defect as a sin offering for the sin he has committed.
On verses 1-21: Leviticus 4:1-21 talks about what happens when a Jew sins against God unintentionally (v1). For example, maybe that person did something that was against God’s laws but they were not aware that they did it, or maybe they didn’t know it was something God’s laws prohibited.
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Today’s passage is Leviticus 3:1-17. With a humble heart, see what sticks out to you in this passage. Is there a verse, a phrase, or a lesson you think the Holy Spirit may be highlighting for you in this passage? After you’ve thought about the passage yourself a bit, read the GAME sharing below. Let’s go!
Leviticus 3:1-17 (NIV)
1 “‘If someone’s offering is a fellowship offering, and he offers an animal from the herd, whether male or female, he is to present before the LORD an animal without defect.
2 He is to lay his hand on the head of his offering and slaughter it at the entrance to the Tent of Meeting. Then Aaron’s sons the priests shall sprinkle the blood against the altar on all sides.
On verses 1-17: As you read the first few chapters of Leviticus talking about the different offerings that God commanded the Jews to give, maybe you’re thinking, “What do these offerings have anything to do with us today?” These offerings have much to do with us. They are pictures foreshadowing what Christ would do for us in the New Testament. Each offering described in Leviticus speaks to a unique aspect of our relationship with God through Jesus Christ.
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Today’s passage is Leviticus 2:1-16. With a humble heart, see what sticks out to you in this passage. Is there a verse, a phrase, or a lesson you think the Holy Spirit may be highlighting for you in this passage? After you’ve thought about the passage yourself a bit, read the GAME sharing below. Let’s go!
Leviticus 2:1-12 (NIV)
1 “‘When someone brings a grain offering to the LORD, his offering is to be of fine flour. He is to pour oil on it, put incense on it
2 and take it to Aaron’s sons the priests. The priest shall take a handful of the fine flour and oil, together with all the incense, and burn this as a memorial portion on the altar, an offering made by fire, an aroma pleasing to the LORD.
On verses 1-12: Leviticus 2 describes a second type of offering that the Israelites were commanded to give: the grain offering. Whereas the burnt offering in Leviticus 1 involved sacrificing animals for the forgiveness of sins, the grain offering in Leviticus 2 involved sacrificing vegetables (i.e. grain) and was for the purpose of giving thanks to God.
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引言:在1867年一个冬日的午后,在威斯康辛州埃尔克霍恩(Elk Horn)小镇的一家药店里,店主和一位客人之间彼此闲聊的一句话,竟然促成了一首圣诗的诞生,一直流传到今日,甚至还成为人们在追思亲人离世时常唱的诗歌之一。它就是我今天要介绍的《同聚美地》(In The Sweet By and By;也有译成“赞慕福地”)。而这两位因聊天而载入圣诗史册的男人就是桑福德·贝内特(Sanford F. Bennett 1836-1898)和约瑟夫·韦伯斯特(Joseph P. Webster 1819-1875)。
离开学校后贝内特曾先后担任过一家学校的校长以及一家报社的副主编。南北战争爆发后,他在1864年加入了属于北方反奴隶制阵营的威斯康辛志愿军,成为第40步兵团的一名少尉军官。二年后内战结束,他选择在威斯康星州的埃尔克霍恩定居,并在当地开设了一家药店。在此期间,他一边在药房当药剂师,同时又利用冬季学期在芝加哥的拉什医学院(Rush Medical College)继续深造,并且终于在1874年获得了医学博士(M.D.)的学位。
在贝内特的一生中,因为他经历过战争的残酷和血腥,同时自己又长期深受身体疾病的折磨,故他对人生的苦难和生命的脆弱有着比常人更深的体会。这种切身的感受,使得他无论是在经营药房阶段,还是在行医期间,对前来求助的病人和身边的朋友总是怀着格外的同情与关怀。而正是这份仁心,使得他与许多人都成为有着良好互动及可交心的朋友,其中就包括那天的药房来客约瑟夫.韦伯斯特(Joseph P. Webster);两人合作创作了不少赞美诗歌。
(二)
接着我来介绍这位韦伯斯特。他1819年出生于美国新罕布夏州的曼彻斯特附近,自幼就展现出非凡的音乐天赋,通过自学就掌握了小提琴、长笛与打击乐器的演奏技巧。完成初中教育后他进入位于家乡不远的彭布罗克学院(Pembroke Academy)。这是一所成立于1818年的私立预科学校,以注重文学与艺术教育而闻名;在这里,韦伯斯特初步接受了学术与音乐训练,为他日后走上专业音乐之路打下了必要的基础。1840年,他前往波士顿音乐学院深造,师从美国圣乐教育改革的先驱洛厄尔·梅森(Lowell Mason)与乔治·詹姆斯·韦布(George J. Webb)等大师。毕业后他一度活跃于美国东北部的音乐界,指挥过一个名为“欧洲人”的四重奏乐团,并作为歌手在各地巡回演出,深受观众喜爱。
韦伯斯特在创作这首《同聚美地》之前已经是一名知名的作曲家。他的成名之作是一首名叫《洛雷纳》(Lorena)的歌曲。此歌的歌词是出于俄亥俄州一名年轻的牧师之手,他的名字叫亨利·韦伯斯特。当时他因思念迫于家庭的反对而另嫁他人的女友而写下了这首抒情长诗。该诗在1856年经韦伯斯特谱曲后迅速风靡全美,特别是到了南北战争期间,这首歌还成为双方士兵们最为喜爱的曲目之一。甚至还有人将这首歌归于南方阵营之所以战败的一个重要因素,因为那些远离家乡作战的军人每当听到这首歌,都会特别想念家中的妻子和女友,从而失去了战斗力。据说在具有决定性的关键一战亚特兰大战役(Battle of Atlanta)中,被击败的南方军队就是在沮丧中唱着这首歌退出了战斗。1937年拍摄的那部反映美国内战历史的史诗电影《飘》(Gone with the Wind)中,有一个情节也特地采用了这首歌曲的旋律来作为配乐。
「韦伯斯特先生性情极为敏感,情绪容易波动。每当他陷入低谷,世间万物在他眼中便蒙上阴霾。我深知他的脾性,一见他神色黯然,便知他又被愁绪缠绕。我知道此时只需给他一首新诗来谱曲,便能令他重新振作起来。那日,他走进药店,默默站在火炉旁,背对着我站着。我从书桌前抬头问道:“韦伯斯特,这回又怎么了?” 他低声答道:“没什么,不久之后就会好起来的。”(It’s no matter. It will be all right by and by.)」
(笔者注:“By and By”是十九世纪在日常生活和诗歌中常用的一个副词短语,意“不久之后 / 将来某个时候” in the near or indefinite future)
「他的这句话如同一道太阳的强光闪现在我的脑海中,写诗的灵感瞬间涌现。我脱口而出:“‘In the Sweet By and By’——这难道不是一个绝妙的诗歌标题吗?”“或许吧!”他依然兴致索然地回应道。我立刻转身提笔,一气呵成将心中浮现的灵感写成了这首诗歌。当我将写好的诗句递给他时,他的目光立刻明亮起来。他大步走到书桌前开始谱曲,接着又拿起随身带来的小提琴试奏旋律,并随即写下副歌的音符。完成谱曲后正好有两位朋友也来到药房,于是我们四人就一同试唱起了这首新作。整个过程只用了短短的三十分钟。」(笔者译自《My life and the story of the gospel hymns 》By Ira David Sankey,Harper & Brother Publishers, 第149-151页)
▲以上是一幅反映在贝内特药房里四个人试唱这首诗歌的版画
(四)
《同聚美地》
有一地比日中更光耀,虽遥远我因信望得见;
我天父在那地常等候,早为我备安宅于里面。
到美地齐歌咏而颂赞,同众圣徒喜乐到万年;
真快乐有永远之生命,无惧怕,无忧愁,无挂念。
我圣父在高天何慈爱,将至尊独生子降于世;
开福源一直流至万代,主恩惠要赞美永不止。
(副歌)
到日期,乐无比,与众圣徒聚会在美地;
到日期,乐无比,与众圣徒聚会在美地。
就这样,一首传世的诗歌就在这小镇药房里经过这两个男人看似不经意的对话而来到世上。当他们四个人试唱这首诗歌时,正好贝内特的内兄克劳斯比(R. R. Crosby)走了进来。他听完他们唱后,流着泪地预言道:这首诗歌定会“流芳百世!”(immortal)
果然,当诗歌于1868年发表在那本名叫《Signet Ring》的歌本之后,很快就流传开来。两个星期之后,街上就有孩子们在唱这首诗歌;数年之后诗歌更是被翻译成各种语言,传遍了世界;甚至有报纸这样报导说: “日光照耀之地都在唱这首诗歌”(sung in every land under the sun.)。
贝内特在诗歌中正是这样讴歌描述了那番美景:那里是“一片比白昼更璀璨的乐土”(a land that is fairer than day);在那里,“天父正在等待着我们,并为我们预备好了安居的地方”(The Father waits over the way, to prepare us a dwelling place there);“我们将在那美地歌唱,祝福的歌声悦耳悠扬”(We shall sing on that beautiful shore.The melodious songs of the blest.);在那里,“我们的灵魂将不再会忧伤,也无需为求得安息的福分而叹息惆怅”(And our spirits shall sorrow no more,Not a sigh for the blessing of rest.);“在那甜蜜的将来”(In the sweet by and by),所有神的子民“将相聚在那美丽的彼岸”(shall meet on that beautiful shore),一起“把我们的感恩和赞美献上”(To our bountiful Father above,We will offer our tribute of praise),并永远与主同在,享受那无法比拟的荣耀与福乐。(以上歌词为笔者根据英文原作翻译)
当然这首诗歌之所以成为经典,也离不开韦伯斯特赋予的旋律魅力。这位长期饱受疾病折磨、常陷于忧郁的音乐人,他的生命经历本身就蕴含着一种对安息与光明的深切渴望。他把这些情感化为感人的音符,倾注在贝内特所写的诗句中。诗歌发表后不久即被美国著名的音乐编辑弗伯特·梅因(Hubert P. Main)注意到。他为韦伯斯特这首即兴而成的曲调精心完成了编曲(Arrangement), 在保持原有风格的基础上加上了前奏、尾声与过渡等音符,并编配了四部和声,从而使作品更富有层次与张力。经他编曲后的主旋律简朴却不失能量,节奏流畅并富有感染力,平稳的基调中蕴含着强烈的渴盼;到了副歌部分则随着旋律的升华,仿佛天门启开,传来众圣徒在彼岸重逢时雀跃欢呼的回响;整首诗歌的旋律和歌词彼此相互辉映,成为一段动人的信仰告白。
Today’s passage is Leviticus 1:1-17. With a humble heart, see what sticks out to you in this passage. Is there a verse, a phrase, or a lesson you think the Holy Spirit may be highlighting for you in this passage? After you’ve thought about the passage yourself a bit, read the GAME sharing below. Let’s go!
Today we begin the book of Leviticus. According to many scholars, Leviticus was most likely written by Moses himself in approximately the second half of 15th century B.C. It was apparently the first book that a Jewish child studied and contained many of the sacrificial and ceremonial laws that the Jewish people were to follow. From the book of Leviticus we can learn a lot about the character of God.
Leviticus 1:1-2 (NIV)
1 The LORD called to Moses and spoke to him from the Tent of Meeting. He said,
2 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When any of you brings an offering to the LORD, bring as your offering an animal from either the herd or the flock.