希西家和百姓守逾越节

〈历代志〉下30:20耶和华垂听希西家的祷告,就饶恕百姓。

阅读经文:〈历代志〉下30:1-27

自从所罗门王之后,犹大和以色列都没有再过逾越节。假如华人不再过春节,你会有什么感觉呢?春节好像是华人的特征,就好像洋人若不过圣诞节,也就没了洋味儿。再困难的时候,我们也会想起和家人一起度过的春节;秋天看到月圆时,也会联想起中秋。神设立光体,可以分昼夜,做记号,定节令、日子,仿佛是为了提醒我们一些事情。不然的话,一日滚过一日,吃了三餐就睡觉,睡醒了又吃三餐,与动物何异?动物不过节,人是要过节的。因为节日给了人的生命和生活有一些基本的意义。

对以色列人和犹大人而言,逾越节便是一年之初最重要的节日。因为这节日提醒他们记念神和他们这个民族的关系,让他们明白自己的生存和自由是何等可贵。在埃及人的眼中,他们是供人驱使的奴隶,但是在神的眼中,他们是神所拣选的珍贵的儿女。所以逾越节是他们的重生之日,重见天地之时,离开奴役成为自由身,重新与神立约的节期。当他们不再记念这个节日时,就仿佛忘记了自己的生日一样,再次变成宇宙中没有意义的存在。

希西家在洁净了圣殿,献上了各样的祭礼和敬拜之后,立刻呼吁犹大人过逾越节。但是他不止呼吁犹大人,他没有忘记那些已经亡国的以色列人。他写信给以法莲和玛拿西人,又定了命令,传遍以色列,从别是巴直到但,叫大家都来耶路撒冷过逾越节。假如我们记得以利亚在迦密山上献祭以先,他先用十二块石头筑坛,这十二块石头代表以色列的十二个支派,包括犹大支派。在神的眼中,这十二个支派是合一不可分的。所以假如只有犹大人在耶路撒冷守节,神的心不会得到满足;神必要看到以色列的十二个支派都出现,祂的心才会得到满足。就好像做父母的人,不会因为有一两个儿女在身边就很满足,除非所有的儿女都回到他们身边,他们的心才会得到满足。

犹大王希西家

〈历代志〉下29:10现在我心中有意与耶和华以色列的神立约,好使祂的烈怒转离我们。

阅读经文:〈历代志〉下29:1-35

犹大王:罗波安→亚比央→亚撒→约沙法→约兰→亚哈谢→(亚她利雅)→约阿施→亚玛谢→亚撒利雅(乌西雅)→约坦→亚哈斯→希西家

〈列王记〉下用了三章的篇幅记载希西家的事蹟,〈历代志〉下用了四章的篇幅记载希西家所做的,所以我们从〈历代志〉来看希西家王,应该会更详尽。他是一个怎样的王,竟然值得两本书的作者大书特书?在犹大王亚撒利雅(乌西雅)和以色列王耶罗波安二世那样兴盛的时代,作者也不过聊聊数语,还记下了亚撒利雅年老时因为忤逆神而染大痲疯之事,那么这个希西家究竟有何过人之处?

在希西家成长的年代里,亲眼看见以色列北国被亚述欺凌吞噬,也亲身经历到因为他父亲亚哈斯悖逆神,以致民不聊生,峰火四起,内乱外患的痛苦。在一个飘摇不定的世代里,他成长了,也思考了,倘若犹大人所敬拜的是真神,倘若这位耶和华神曾经把他们的祖先带离埃及为奴之地,为何今日的犹大国会沦落到被各方而来的敌人压制,而以色列北国又何至于灭亡?难道祂不再照顾祂的子民了吗?从希西家对祭司和利未人的训话里,我们可以看到希西家在他年轻的思想里,已经整理出一个该走的方向。

他的父亲亚哈斯关闭圣殿,但他在就位的元年正月,就去开了耶和殿的门,重新整理。希西家所做的事情,所说的话,表明他深深明白以色列和犹大子民,以及君王的罪过。所以当做的第一件事,便是叫祭司和利未人洁净自己。因为他们是信仰的领导者,他们若不洁净自己,就不能为百姓洁净他们的罪,罪若不除去,就无法和神重新立约。这个救恩的过程从旧约到新约一直没有改变过,便是人应当知道自己得罪神,必须悔改,才能重新被神接纳,与神和好,重新立约,再度蒙福。

What is in Your Hand?

Hi GAMErs!

Today’s passage is Exodus 4:1-17.  Let’s go!

Exodus 4:1-5 (NIV)
1  Moses answered, “What if they do not believe me or listen to me and say, ‘The LORD did not appear to you’?”
2  Then the LORD said to him, “What is that in your hand?” “A staff,” he replied.
3  The LORD said, “Throw it on the ground.” Moses threw it on the ground and it became a snake, and he ran from it.
4  Then the LORD said to him, “Reach out your hand and take it by the tail.” So Moses reached out and took hold of the snake and it turned back into a staff in his hand.
5  “This,” said the LORD, “is so that they may believe that the LORD, the God of their fathers–the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob–has appeared to you.”

On verses 1-5:  Moses wonders what to do when people question whether God really sent him.  God responds with a question of his own: “What is in your hand?” (v2).  Whenever God calls you to a great task, He doesn’t leave you empty handed. In fact the things that God wants you to use are often the very things God has already placed in your hand.  (For example, when Jesus asked his disciples to feed the 5,000, he simply asked them to give Him whatever was already in their hand.  When they gave him the little that they thought they had, God used it to feed a multitude.)

It’s not about how able you are, but how able God is

Hi GAMErs!

Today’s passage is Exodus 3:11-22.  Let’s go!

Exodus 3:11-12 (NIV)
11  But Moses said to God, “Who am I, that I should go to Pharaoh and bring the Israelites out of Egypt?”
12  And God said, “I will be with you. And this will be the sign to you that it is I who have sent you: When you have brought the people out of Egypt, you will worship God on this mountain.”

On verses 11-12: In Exodus 3, we see one of the most significant moments in Israel’s history taking place: out of a burning bush God calls Moses to lead the Israelites out of slavery in Egypt.  God calling Moses was not based on how good or strong Moses was, but based on how good and strong God is.  So when Moses questions who Moses is to think he can go to Pharaoh and bring the Israelites out of Egypt (v11), God answers by simply saying, “I will be with you” and promising that Moses will be successful (v12). 

以色列北国亡

〈列王纪〉下17:41a 如此,这些民又惧怕耶和华,又侍奉他们的偶像。

阅读经文:〈列王纪〉下17:1-41

以色列王:耶罗波安(一世)→拿答→巴沙→以拉→心利→暗利→亚哈→亚哈谢→约兰→耶户→约哈斯→约阿施→耶罗波安(二世)→撒迦利雅→沙龙→米拿现→比加辖→比加→何细亚(主前930年-722年)

从主前930年-722年,大约是208年的时间里,神一直在容忍以色列,等待他们的悔改,盼望他们的归回,等了两百多年。有的人认为神是很残忍的神,喜欢舞枪弄剑,使人流血成河的神;只要想想神等了两百多年,还等不到以色列人的悔改,神能不施行审判吗?那些说耶和华神是嗜战之神的人,大概都没有想想,为何神要兴起战争?战争其实只是神审判的一种方式,神提醒人们,远离真神去拜偶像行恶,是要付代价的。

何细亚杀了比加之后,做王九年。在这九年之中,他先是奉行亲亚述的政策,后来可能因为亚述王提革拉毗列色过世,何细亚因而想趁机反叛,投靠埃及。不料,亚述王撒缦以色在主前722年来攻打以色列,可能在围攻以色列的三年之中也去世了,换成亚述王撒珥根最后攻取撒玛利亚。根据亚述年谱的记载,撒珥根在自己的年监上声称攻陷撒玛利亚,掳去其中二万七千二百九十人及五十辆战车。

Moses And The Burning Bush

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Exodus 3:1-10.  Let’s go!

A. God’s call to Moses from the burning bush.
1. (1-3) Moses and the burning bush on Mount Horeb.

Now Moses was tending the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of Midian. And he led the flock to the back of the desert, and came to Horeb, the mountain of God. And the Angel of the LORD appeared to him in a flame of fire from the midst of a bush. So he looked, and behold, the bush was burning with fire, but the bush was not consumed. Then Moses said, “I will now turn aside and see this great sight, why the bush does not burn.”

a. Moses was tending the flock of Jethro his father-in-law: For 40 years Moses lived as an obscure shepherd in the desert of Midian. At this point his life was so humble that he didn’t even have a flock of sheep to call his own – the sheep belonged to his father-in-law.

i. Tending the flock: “The Hebrew suggests that this was his habitual occupation.” (Cole)

b. The back of the desert, and came to Horeb, the mountain of God: Moses brought the sheep to this mountain, also later called Mount Sinai. Horeb probably means “desert” or “desolation,” and the name gives an idea of the terrain.

c. The bush was burning with fire, but the bush was not consumed: It wasn’t just that Moses saw a bush burning; apparently, it is not uncommon for a plant like this to spontaneously ignite out in that desert. Nevertheless, two things were distinctive about that bush:

· The Angel of the LORD appeared… from the midst of the bush.

犹大王亚哈斯

〈历代志〉下28:11现在你们当听我说,要将掳来的弟兄释放回去,因为耶和华向你们已经大发烈怒。

阅读经文:〈列王纪〉下  16:1-20
〈历代志〉下28:1-27

犹大王:罗波安→亚比央→亚撒→约沙法→约兰→亚哈谢→(亚她利雅)→约阿施→亚玛谢→亚撒利雅(乌西雅)→约坦→亚哈斯

以色列王:耶罗波安(一世)→拿答→巴沙→以拉→心利→暗利→亚哈→亚哈谢→约兰→耶户→约哈斯→约阿施→耶罗波安(二世)→撒迦利雅→沙龙→米拿现→比加辖→比加

亚哈斯有一个很敬虔的父亲约坦,但是他却反其道而行。他的曾曾祖父约阿施拆毁巴力庙,又杀了巴力的祭司(王下11:18),但是亚哈斯竟重铸巴力的像,在欣嫩子谷烧香,用火焚烧他的儿女,并在丘坛上、山冈上、各青翠树下献祭烧香,效法外邦人所行可憎之事。有的人认为那是学摩押人向假神基抹献祭。在三王(以色列王约兰、犹大王约沙法和以东王)去联合攻打摩押时,摩押王在兵败如山倒时,在城上把自己的长子献为燔祭。因此以色列人遭到神的大怒,三王才退兵(王下3:27)。亚哈斯那时面对以色列王和亚兰王的攻击,自知无法取胜,可能以为把自己的儿女经火,可以求得摩押假神基抹的帮助,却没想到触犯了神的大忌。

亚兰人攻击犹大,占据以拉他。以拉他位于红海北部亚喀巴湾的顶端,这里是亚拉巴路的起点,从阿拉伯半岛南部和埃及直达腓尼基的路线由此经过,是兵家必争之地。以色列人出埃及后绕行旷野时在西珥山住了很长时间;他们遵循耶和华的吩咐,离开以扫子孙所住之地,从亚拉巴路经过以拉他、以旬迦别,转向摩押旷野。大卫征服以东时,一并夺得以拉他;所罗门在红海的商船以此为基地。犹大王约沙法试图在此恢复航业,但他的船却毁坏了;在亚哈斯时,以他拉被亚兰夺去。后来又被以东抢走。

犹大王约坦

〈历代志〉下27:6约坦在耶和华他神面前行正道,以致日渐强盛。

阅读经文:〈列王纪〉下  15:32-38
〈历代志〉下27

犹大王:罗波安→亚比央→亚撒→约沙法→约兰→亚哈谢→(亚她利雅)→约阿施→亚玛谢→亚撒利雅(乌西雅)→约坦

在犹大王中,约坦不是一个很出名的王,甚至是很少被人提起的王,但也是唯一一个没有显著过失的王,因为他是一个可以从历史去学习教训的王。自从他的父亲亚撒利雅(乌西雅)因为进圣殿,想要取代祭司向神烧香献祭,因而被神惩罚额头长大痲疯之后,约坦就开始代替父亲料理国事。但是直到亚撒利雅过世之后,约坦才登基做王。亚撒利雅除了献祭这件事,一生向神心存诚实,所以约坦效法父亲所行的正事,但是不入圣殿,免得得罪耶和华神。

约坦怎样效法他父亲呢?在〈历代志〉下27章里说:“约坦在耶和华他神面前行正道,以致日渐强盛”,原文则是说:“他在耶和华他神面前‘预备’行正道。”中文没有把‘预备’这两个字译出来。这个‘预备’在其他地方有时被译为:‘坚立’、‘坚定’、‘建立’、‘立定’、‘准备’。这些字曾用在四个王身上,第一位是犹大王罗波安:罗波安行恶、因他不‘立定’心意寻求 耶和华;神称赞约沙法,因为因为他‘立定’心意寻求神;希西家也是‘立定’心意寻求神;也是约坦‘立定’心意寻求神的王。有‘立定’心意,必有准备的工作,所以有译者把它译为:“约坦在耶和华他神面前‘预备’行正道。”我们若想立定心志跟随神,也需要有预备行正道的心。有预备,才能立定心意,才能实行。

约坦王在位期间,以赛亚、何西阿和弥迦在国内做先知。虽然约坦在神面前行正道,只是还没有废去丘坛,百姓仍在那里向假神献祭烧香。因为这个罪根没有除去,所以百姓也无法全心倚靠神。这是一个很大的遗憾。一般而言,上梁不正下梁歪,但若是上梁正下梁歪,那个建筑物也不建全。因此先知们在犹大国里不断地立言,希望使百姓能归向耶和华神,能明白神的心意。也因而我们回头再看约沙法派人到各城镇去教导百姓律法,是一件何等难能可贵的事。

Prepared for Something Greater

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Exodus 2:11-25.  Let’s go!

Exodus 2:11-14 (NIV)
11  One day, after Moses had grown up, he went out to where his own people were and watched them at their hard labor. He saw an Egyptian beating a Hebrew, one of his own people.
12  Glancing this way and that and seeing no one, he killed the Egyptian and hid him in the sand.
13  The next day he went out and saw two Hebrews fighting. He asked the one in the wrong, “Why are you hitting your fellow Hebrew?”
14  The man said, “Who made you ruler and judge over us? Are you thinking of killing me as you killed the Egyptian?” Then Moses was afraid and thought, “What I did must have become known.”

On verses 11-14:  There is so much packed into these verses that if you fail to read between the lines there is so much you could miss.

First of all, this passage jumps from Moses as an infant in verse 10 to Moses as an adult in verse 11.  We’ve just fast forwarded past the rest of Moses’ childhood, adolescence and early adulthood.  According to Acts 7:23-24, Moses was 40 years old by this time. 

Second, this passage shows Moses’ transition from identifying himself as an Egyptian to identifying as a Hebrew.  Keep in mind that Moses grew up in Pharaoh’s royal palace and called Pharaoh’s daughter “mom”.  

Thank God for His Protection

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Exodus 2:1-10.  Let’s go!

Exodus 2:1-10 (NIV)
1  Now a man of the house of Levi married a Levite woman,
2  and she became pregnant and gave birth to a son. When she saw that he was a fine child, she hid him for three months.
3  But when she could hide him no longer, she got a papyrus basket for him and coated it with tar and pitch. Then she placed the child in it and put it among the reeds along the bank of the Nile.
4  His sister stood at a distance to see what would happen to him…….

On verses 1-10:  Exodus 2:1-10 is a beautiful picture of God’s protection.  Remember what the Nile River represented starting in Exodus 1:22. Intent on destroying the Israelites, Pharaoh ordered his people to throw every Hebrew boy into the Nile (see Exodus 1:22). So for the Israelites, the Nile River represented death.

Ironically, when Moses was a few months old, his mother hid him in a basket among the reeds of the Nile. But unlike other boys, when Moses went into the Nile River, he didn’t die. He came out alive!