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利未人的洁净礼

〈民数记〉8:16 因为他们是从以色列人中全然给我的,我拣选他们归我,是代替以色列人中一切头生的。

摩西进会幕的至圣所,听见法柜的施恩座以上、二基路伯中间,有与他说话的声音,就是耶和华与他说话。有了会幕,摩西不必再上山下山了,只要进了至圣所就能听到神的吩咐,真的方便许多。神跟摩西说了什么?你想知道吗?我也想知道。

原来神要摩西教导亚伦怎样点亮金灯台。这里的「灯台」指的是会幕里的「金灯台」,希伯来文是  מְנוֹרָה (menorah, lampstand)。在会幕里,金灯台和陈设饼桌  ( שֻׁלְחָ , shulchan, table) 的位置是相对的,陈设饼的桌上排列了12个陈设饼 ( לֶחֶם פָּנִים, lechem panim, bread of the presence), 代表以色列12支派。因此, 当神吩咐「七盏灯都要向灯台前面发光」,这七盏灯的光就照在陈设桌的陈设饼上面,象征著神对以色列12支派的持续光照,会幕在以色列人中间, 而金灯台的光照在会幕的圣所里面,从会幕外面根本看不见,象征神在以色列当中隐密的,不止息的眷顾和指引。

神从以色列人当中选出利未人来服侍神和人,这批服侍神的人被分别出来,要守各样的洁净之礼,要在会幕里工作,还要帮助以色列人亲近神。在这里神很清楚让我们看到,服侍神的人应该要知道的事情。

第一便是要洁净利未人。洁净他们的第一步,要用除罪水弹在他们身上。除罪水是指把一只没有残疾、未曾负轭、纯红的母牛和香柏木、牛膝草、朱红色线焚烧成灰,这叫做除罪灰。把除罪灰放在器皿里,倒上活水(流动的水),由一个洁净的人拿牛膝草蘸在这水中,弹在他们身上,利未人才算被洁净了,才可以服侍。据说以色列人已经准备好了盖新圣殿的一切事宜,只是还没有找到一只全红的母牛,做不出除罪灰,调不出除罪水,利未人就不得洁净,不能进去圣殿服侍。

会幕建成族长献礼

〈民数记〉7:1  摩西立完了帐幕,就把帐幕用膏抹了,使它成圣;又把其中的器具和坛,并坛上的器具,都抹了,使它成圣。

摩西立完了帐幕,就把帐幕用膏抹了,使它成圣;又把其中的器具和坛,并坛上的器具,都抹了,使它成圣。成圣的意思就是指这帐幕(会幕)只能用在属神的事上,不可以用在别的事情上。

当巴比伦灭了犹大之后,把圣殿的器皿也都掳掠到巴比伦。巴比伦最后的一个王伯沙撒在饮酒作乐之时,吩咐人将他父(或:祖)尼布甲尼撒从耶路撒冷殿中所掠的金银器皿拿来,王与大臣、皇后、妃嫔好用这器皿饮酒。当时,忽有人的指头显出,在王宫与灯台相对的粉墙上写字。王看见写字的指头,就变了脸色,心意惊惶,腰骨好像脱节,双膝彼此相碰。王的一切哲士都不能解读指头在墙上写的字。

后来也只有但以理才能解释墙上的字,但以理对王说:「所写的文字是:『弥尼,弥尼,提客勒,乌法珥新。』讲解是这样:弥尼,就是 神已经数算你国的年日到此完毕。提客勒,就是你被称在天平里,显出你的亏欠。毘勒斯,就是你的国分裂,归与玛代人和波斯人。」所以把神分别为圣的器册拿去使用,就是一种不敬神,亵渎的行为。

我相信很少人会把这一章的经文逐字读完,因为从第一日到第十二日,每个首领所献的供物内容都是一样的。全部都是:一个银盘子,重一百三十舍客勒,一个银碗,重七十舍客勒,都是按圣所的平,也都盛满了调油的细面做素祭。一个金盂,重十舍客勒,盛满了香。一只公牛犊,一只公绵羊,一只一岁的公羊羔做燔祭;一只公山羊做赎罪祭;两只公牛,五只公绵羊,五只公山羊,五只一岁的公羊羔做平安祭。

Aim High

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 10:12-21.   Let’s go!

Joshua 10:12-15 (NIV) 
12  On the day the LORD gave the Amorites over to Israel, Joshua said to the LORD in the presence of Israel: “O sun, stand still over Gibeon, O moon, over the Valley of Aijalon.” 
13  So the sun stood still, and the moon stopped, till the nation avenged itself on its enemies, as it is written in the Book of Jashar. The sun stopped in the middle of the sky and delayed going down about a full day. 
14  There has never been a day like it before or since, a day when the LORD listened to a man. Surely the LORD was fighting for Israel! 
15  Then Joshua returned with all Israel to the camp at Gilgal.

On verses 12-15:  So far in the book of Joshua, whenever Joshua experienced a miracle, it was because he heard the Lord speak and responded in faith.  This time, however, Joshua takes the initiative and God responds, as verse 14 suggests.  Joshua says to the Lord in the presence of Israel: “O sun, stand still over Gibeon, O moon, over the Valley of Aijalon” (v12).  According to these verses, the sun and moon obeyed Joshua’s voice. 

The Most Powerful Alliance You Can Form

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 10:1-11.  Let’s go!

Joshua 10:1-5 (NIV) 
1  Now Adoni-Zedek king of Jerusalem heard that Joshua had taken Ai and totally destroyed it, doing to Ai and its king as he had done to Jericho and its king, and that the people of Gibeon had made a treaty of peace with Israel and were living near them. 
2  He and his people were very much alarmed at this, because Gibeon was an important city, like one of the royal cities; it was larger than Ai, and all its men were good fighters. 
3  So Adoni-Zedek king of Jerusalem appealed to Hoham king of Hebron, Piram king of Jarmuth, Japhia king of Lachish and Debir king of Eglon. 
4  “Come up and help me attack Gibeon,” he said, “because it has made peace with Joshua and the Israelites.” 
5  Then the five kings of the Amorites–the kings of Jerusalem, Hebron, Jarmuth, Lachish and Eglon–joined forces. They moved up with all their troops and took up positions against Gibeon and attacked it.

On verses 1-5: Upon hearing that the Gibeonites had formed a peace treaty (or an alliance) with Joshua, five Amorite kings led by Adoni-Zedek king of Jerusalem form an alliance against the Gibeonites. Why? It’s because the Gibeonites were already a significant force to be reckoned with in their own right (v2). The Amorite kings were probably scared of what the Gibeonites could do if allied with Joshua. So this alliance of Amorite kings decides to attack the Gibeonites.

拿细耳人之愿

〈民数记〉6:1-2     耶和华对摩西说:「你晓谕以色列人说:无论男女许了特别的愿,就是拿细耳人的愿,要离俗归耶和华。」

在〈民数记〉之前,《圣经》一般都偏重于神和男人的立约。但是在这里,神立了一个特别的约,就是男人和女人都可许的愿,就是拿细耳人之愿。拿细耳就是归主的意思,归主就是与世俗分开,即分别为圣。

神拣选利未人去服侍祂,那么若有其他人也想要服侍神,岂不是没办法了吗?这会不会是神立下拿细耳人之例的原因呢? 神看到在其他支派中也有许多爱祂的人,因此立下这个约,让所有爱祂的人,都可以一偿服事神的心愿。

从利未人身上,我们看到分别为圣的生活并不容易,是要付代价的。利未人不能为自己选工作,他们的工作都已经被指定了;利未人不能有自己的产业,要等其他人分给他们。如雅各临终的预言,他们被分散在各支派之中,不能联合在一起生活;利未人要分别为圣,所以他们的生活必须比其他人更严谨,等等。

因此想做拿细耳人,离俗归耶和华的人要有心理准备:一,要远离一切葡萄树上所结的果子,自核至皮所做的物,都不可吃,也不可喝。二,在他一切许愿离俗的日子,不可用剃头刀剃头,要由发绺长长了。三,不可挨近死尸。即使父母或兄弟姐妹死了,也不可以挨近死尸,而使自己不洁净。若是他旁边出其不意,有人死了,那么他的愿就必须重头再算起。

对于犹太人而言,这三件事都很困难。1. 在中东地区的水源经常被污染,因此人们经常以酒代水,免得生病。但是拿细耳人不可以清酒或浓酒,因此他们必须凭信心只喝水。2. 在古时候,长头发很容易生蝨子和跳蚤,要清洁很不方便;3. 不碰死尸也有点困难,因为瘟疫一旦发作,很可能忽然就有人死在旁边,谁能预料?因此拿细耳人之愿,又称为the vow of separation(离俗之愿)。离俗之愿的意思就是把自己和众人分开,免得沾染不洁,才有可能分别为圣。

No Longer a Slave to Fear

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 9:15-27.  Let’s go!

Joshua 9:15-21 (NIV) 
15  Then Joshua made a treaty of peace with them to let them live, and the leaders of the assembly ratified it by oath. 
16  Three days after they made the treaty with the Gibeonites, the Israelites heard that they were neighbors, living near them. 
17  So the Israelites set out and on the third day came to their cities: Gibeon, Kephirah, Beeroth and Kiriath Jearim. 
18  But the Israelites did not attack them, because the leaders of the assembly had sworn an oath to them by the LORD, the God of Israel. The whole assembly grumbled against the leaders, 
19  but all the leaders answered, “We have given them our oath by the LORD, the God of Israel, and we cannot touch them now. 
20  This is what we will do to them: We will let them live, so that wrath will not fall on us for breaking the oath we swore to them.”
21  They continued, “Let them live, but let them be woodcutters and water carriers for the entire community.” So the leaders’ promise to them was kept. 

On verses 15-21:  Just as the Israelites kept their promise not to attack the Gibeonites, you and I should do everything we can to be those who keep our word or fulfill our promises, even when it hurts (Psalm 15:4). 

神的拣选

民数记 3:41 我是耶和华。你要拣选利未人归我,代替以色列人所有头生的;也取利未人的牲畜,代替以色列所有头生的牲畜。

这是摩西和亚伦生命中很重要的时刻。神呼召亚伦和摩西同工,但是摩西一离开,亚伦就帮助百姓造金牛犊。当摩西质问他时,他把所有的责任都推到百姓身上。但是神没有离弃他,神饶恕他,再给他一个机会,是一个极大的荣耀。

神拣选他做第一任的大祭司,让他的儿子们做第一批的祭司。神命定祭司必须是亚伦的后裔,所以第一批的祭司只有亚伦的四个儿子。没想到拿答和亚比户一开始事奉就没有按照神的吩咐,献凡火,以致神当场把他们烧死。亚伦接受了最高的荣誉,也承受了最大的悲伤。

现在只剩下以利亚撒和以他玛两个祭司了。神不在乎事奉的人少,祂宁可要忠心的仆人,也不要任意妄为、自以为大的祭司。这是一个神接受人的敬拜之开始,不能出错,神若任凭他们,不予管教,以后就会全盘皆错。亚伦在这些事上,怎样看他和神的关系呢?他开始明白,敬拜神不是儿戏。

他看到神召集所有利未支派的人来服侍他,协助他献祭和办理帐幕的事,他发现神竟然把他和他的家放在以色列人最崇高的位置上,甚至胜过摩西的后裔。他开始明白,神不是故意杀死拿答和亚比户,而是在神的圣洁上,容不得人的罪之审判。审判从神的家开始(彼前4:17),也就是从他的家开始。

他也因而明白,自己和后裔成了神和人之间的桥梁,在这个位置上若不谨慎,就会有生命危险。因为神在鉴察。亚伦的属灵生命开始改变,开始有了敬畏之心。

Inquire of God before Making a Big Decision

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 9:1-14.  Let’s go!

Joshua 9:1-14 (NIV) 
1  Now when all the kings west of the Jordan heard about these things–those in the hill country, in the western foothills, and along the entire coast of the Great Sea as far as Lebanon (the kings of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites)– 
2  they came together to make war against Joshua and Israel. 
3  However, when the people of Gibeon heard what Joshua had done to Jericho and Ai, 
4  they resorted to a ruse: They went as a delegation whose donkeys were loaded with worn-out sacks and old wineskins, cracked and mended. ……

On verses 1-14:  Unlike the kings of the Hittites, Amorites, Canaanites, Perizzites, Hivites and Jebusites who form an alliance to fight Joshua and the Israelites (v1-2), the Gibeonites take another approach (v3).  Believing they are no match for the Israelites, they decide instead to send a worn out looking delegation pretending to come from a far away country and wanting to make a peace treaty with the Israelites (v4-6).  Without looking into the issue too much, and without praying and asking God for guidance, the Israelites eventually make the peace treaty with the Gibeonites (v7-14).  Only later do you they discover that the Gibeonites actually lived very close to the Israelites.

不忧虑的秘诀(上)

马太福音6章33-34节    你们要先求祂的国和他的义,这些东西都要加给你们了。所以,不要为明天忧虑,因为明天自有明天的忧虑;一天的难处一天当就够了。

挂虑侵蚀生命

  我相信这段经文是有关人生在世真正过一个平稳生活的最好写照。没有人没有困难或没有忧虑的地方,因为人是有限的,我们对将来如何没有把握,我们就经常挂虑,把思想用错地方。忧虑是不需要的,计画是需要的,但许多时候我们没有计画,没有思考怎样尽心尽力预备应对可能来到的困难的能力,我们尝试把思想放在不需要的挂虑上。

  信仰排除挂虑,一个有真正信心依靠上帝的人应该不是被挂虑綑绑的人,但因为我们的软弱,我们常常看不清,没有把握地相信上帝一定照顾、一定引导、一定赐福、保全我们的生活。缺乏信心让挂虑侵蚀我们生命的中心点,使我们受不信的影响,天天不平安,没有真正的信仰产生有把握的生活。心理学告诉我们人一生挂虑的事情百分之七十五以上没有发生过,换句话说我们有一大堆的思想是用在不应该用的地方。如果我们增强信心,我们的信仰就能把挂虑排除出去。

  我这一生可以说相当仰望上帝、依靠上帝,知道上帝施恩,我的挂虑应当比别人更少,但仍然无法完全。好像前天我孩子撞车的事情,我感觉孩子应当感谢上帝,因为没有任何人死就是一个大恩典,也没有撞死任何人,也是一个大恩典。我们一生撞车可能好几次,如果有一次撞死别人,我们以后良心将何等痛苦,要怎样过生活呢?