Entries by

Planted by the Water

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 19:10-23.  Let’s go!

Joshua 19:10-16 (NIV) 
10  The third lot came up for Zebulun, clan by clan: The boundary of their inheritance went as far as Sarid.
11  Going west it ran to Maralah, touched Dabbesheth, and extended to the ravine near Jokneam.
12  It turned east from Sarid toward the sunrise to the territory of Kisloth Tabor and went on to Daberath and up to Japhia.
13  Then it continued eastward to Gath Hepher and Eth Kazin; it came out at Rimmon and turned toward Neah.
14  There the boundary went around on the north to Hannathon and ended at the Valley of Iphtah El.
15  Included were Kattath, Nahalal, Shimron, Idalah and Bethlehem. There were twelve towns and their villages.
16  These towns and their villages were the inheritance of Zebulun, clan by clan.

On verses 10-16:  These verses describe the land allotment given to the tribe of Zebulun.

Nearing his death, Jacob spoke these prophetic words over his son Zebulun in Genesis 49:13: “Zebulun will live by the seashore and become a haven for ships; his border will extend toward Sidon.”  We see the fulfillment of Jacob’s prophetic words here, as the land given to Zebulun extends to the Mediterranean Sea on the west and the Sea of Galilee on the east.  Though not a large land, this region would later on be graced by the presence of the Lord Jesus, who would spend significant time around the Sea of Galilee (see Isaiah 9:1).

西罗非哈之女求产业

〈民数记〉27:5 于是摩西将她们的案件呈到耶和华面前。

全世界大概都有这个问题,从女权低落到女权高张,至今争取女权的运动方兴未艾。在以色列人中也有这个问题。

在〈民数记〉第廿六章里讲到以色列人第二次的核数,很奇妙的,在第46节出现了这样的一句:「亚设的女儿名叫西拉」。当时被数的都是廿岁以上的男人,怎么会把亚设的女儿放进去呢?莫非她是以色列的花木兰?根据犹太人的百科,西拉是一位很长寿的女子,她长得非常美丽,并且十分有智慧,为以色列人解决了许多问题,深受拉比们的爱戴。她和雅各一起下埃及,又与摩西一起出埃及。因为她是亚设的养女,所以在雅各下埃及时,没有把她算在家人之内;但是在出埃及入迦南时,他们特地把她的名字放进去,表示她也是以色列人的一份子。她的故事很有趣,但只记录在犹太教对律法和伦理进行通俗阐述的宗教文献《米示拿》Midrash里,即犹太人的《圣经注释》,以后有机会再跟大家分享。因为这是一个很特殊的例子,所以稍微解释一下。今天要谈到女权的问题,在只有数点廿岁以上的男子时,这西拉的出现正突显了她的位置。

在犹太人的历史中,有不少奇女子,而她们的故事也都被传了下来,让世人知道在神眼中,女人也是祂所看重的。这段经文的背景是,经过四十年在旷野的飘泊,以色列人终于准备进迦南,开始做分地的工作。此时玛拿西支派里有一个人名叫西罗非哈,他生了五个女儿,没有儿子。和其他男人一样,他死在旷野里。这时他的女儿们发现了一个很严重的问题,她们竟然分不到一寸土地。那进了迦南之后,她们怎么生存?她们必须见摩西,因为她们的族长无法为她们解决这样的问题。

那时的妇女要见摩西是件大事,就好像要见当时的国王或总统,因为摩西是以色列人当时的领袖。我们若看以前的记录,去见他的多是族长和领袖;在初期时他也为百姓解决纷争,但是后来就有长老们分担他的工作。因此这五个女儿走到会幕前,当着摩西和以利亚撒大祭司,及众领袖和会众前,把她们的问题交上去。

When You Are Badly Hurt

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 19:1-9.  Let’s go!

Joshua 19:1-9 (NIV) 
1  The second lot came out for the tribe of Simeon, clan by clan. Their inheritance lay within the territory of Judah.
2  It included: Beersheba (or Sheba), Moladah,
3  Hazar Shual, Balah, Ezem,
4  Eltolad, Bethul, Hormah,
5  Ziklag, Beth Marcaboth, Hazar Susah,
6  Beth Lebaoth and Sharuhen–thirteen towns and their villages;
7  Ain, Rimmon, Ether and Ashan–four towns and their villages–
8  and all the villages around these towns as far as Baalath Beer (Ramah in the Negev). This was the inheritance of the tribe of the Simeonites, clan by clan.
9  The inheritance of the Simeonites was taken from the share of Judah, because Judah’s portion was more than they needed. So the Simeonites received their inheritance within the territory of Judah.

On verses 1-9:  These verses describe the land allotment given to the tribe of Simeon.  Notice that Simeon’s land allotment was taken from Judah’s portion (v9, also v1b).  Why is that?  Verse 9 gives one reason: “because Judah’s portion was more than they needed”.  What can we learn from this?  Whenever you have excess (more than you need), be wise and generous with that excess.  Don’t hoard it all for yourself but use it to serve others’ needs.

第二次核民数

〈民数记〉26:64      被数的人中,没有一个是摩西和祭司亚伦从前在西奈的旷野所数的以色列人。

摩西特别指出,流便的后裔法路族的和可拉党向摩西和亚伦挑衅,向耶和华争闹时,虽然有火烧灭了250个首领,但可拉的众子并没有死亡。可见神的审判不涉及无辜。在〈诗篇〉里我们还可以看到有可拉或其后人的创作,他们的后人在圣殿的敬拜中也占了相当的地位。

数算人数的目的之一是为了全迦南地分配迦南地的产业。虽然还没有进到迦南,但神都凡事先做好准备:「人多的,要把产业多分给他们;人少的,要把产业少分给他们。要照被数的人数,把产业分给各人。」虽然如此,有时人数不相上下,怎么办?神要他们使用拈阄分地。

俞建霈牧师在〈拈阄分地的意义〉里指出:「阄」这字在希伯来文是goral。根据学者研究,这字的意思是「小石头」,或「小圆石」。因为原初希伯来人用「小石头」,或「小圆石」来作「阄」或「签」,goral这字就转而用来指「阄」或「签」,进一步就是「得的分」, 「命定」,「运气」,或「命运」。与这字相关的动词有描述「投」 「掷」 「抛」 「丢」等动作的四个希伯来文动词;还有「临到」,「落到」, 「使..落下」的三个动词,并一次是「赐下」。

按人来说,拈阄是在于运气,但神就是我们的运气,在祷告之后,拈阄的结果乃是照着祂的命定。神创造地时,关于美地的情形,祂有清楚的看见。譬如,祂很清楚,耶路撒冷和周围地区是为著犹大,基督要从其中而出。这是豫先命定的,但仍必须借着拈阄而得以实现。神命定的手在拈阄上指引其结果。这就是说,分地不在于约书亚、大祭司、或神以外的任何人。结果,各支派没有理由埋怨所给他们那地的分。拈阄分地的方法是公平的,这使每个人服气。正如所罗门王在箴言里说的:「掣签能止息争竞,也能解散强盛的人。(箴18:18)」

When You Feel Small

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 18:21-28.  Let’s go!

Joshua 18:21-28 (NIV) 
21  The tribe of Benjamin, clan by clan, had the following cities: Jericho, Beth Hoglah, Emek Keziz, 
22  Beth Arabah, Zemaraim, Bethel, 
23  Avvim, Parah, Ophrah, 
24  Kephar Ammoni, Ophni and Geba–twelve towns and their villages. 
25  Gibeon, Ramah, Beeroth, 
26  Mizpah, Kephirah, Mozah, 
27  Rekem, Irpeel, Taralah, 
28  Zelah, Haeleph, the Jebusite city (that is, Jerusalem), Gibeah and Kiriath–fourteen towns and their villages. This was the inheritance of Benjamin for its clans.

On verses 21-28:  Here we get a list of the cities that were included in the land that the tribe of Benjamin received.  Benjamin was one of the smaller tribes of Israel and the amount of land it was given reflected its smaller size.  Yet notice that this small tribe was given “the Jebusite city (that is, Jerusalem)” (v28), which centuries later would become the capital and most important city in Israel.  Also, later on God would select Saul, the first king of Israel, from this land and this tribe of Benjamin, “the smallest tribe of Israel” (1 Samuel 9:21).   It’s a reminder to me that size is not necessarily an indicator of importance, and that God is able to use, honour and exalt you regardless of your size or background.

更丰盛的生命(之一)

基督超越文化各界

「盗贼来,无非要偷窃,杀害,毁坏;我来了,是要叫羊(或作:人)得生命,并且得的更丰盛」(约10:10),这是耶稣道成肉身到世上来的第三个宣告,这样的话是没有一个宗教创办人讲过的,这样一句话是基督教信仰一个很重要的核心,无论宗教、哲学、政治、军事、财经等等文化最重要的内容,都不是为了生命的问题,这是很突出显明基督到世上他的任务是很不一样的,基督所做的与其他文化的事业有着本质上的差异。我们如果没有得着耶稣这方面到世上的目的,我们根本不认识基督教。

科学带给我们知与不知的分别,宗教界带给我们的是善与恶的分别,哲学所提出来的是智愚的分别,政治界让我们看见统治的问题,经济学所要告诉我们的是如何赚而不亏,军事所着重的是怎样占领别人的土地,唯有耶稣基督完全不提这些事情,耶稣所提的,就是生与死的问题。《圣经》说:「上帝爱世人,甚是将祂的儿子赐给他们,叫他们不致灭亡,反得永生。(约3:16)」你完全得着其他的范围,你还是要死,但「上帝在耶稣基督里所给我们的恩赐,乃是永生」(参:罗6:23),这也是上帝给人类所有应许里最大的一个,所以〈约翰一书〉第二章告诉我们:「神的应许,就是永生」(参:约一2:25)。

基督的生命赐给我们的,是哪一种生命呢?不是原先从亚当传下来肉身被造的生命,如果是这个生命,我们大家早就有了,为什么耶稣还要说祂来了为要使你得生命呢?上帝在耶稣基督里应许我们的、基督所宣布的,是超过自然界的受造生命,这个生命就是超自然的生命,就是上帝自己的生命,是永远的生命。

Your Buffer Zone

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 18:11-20.  Let’s go!

Joshua 18:11-20 (NIV) 
11  The lot came up for the tribe of Benjamin, clan by clan. Their allotted territory lay between the tribes of Judah and Joseph:
12  On the north side their boundary began at the Jordan, passed the northern slope of Jericho and headed west into the hill country, coming out at the desert of Beth Aven.
13  From there it crossed to the south slope of Luz (that is, Bethel) and went down to Ataroth Addar on the hill south of Lower Beth Horon…….

On verses 11-20:  According to scholars, the tribes of Judah and Joseph were rivals, even though they were all part of the nation of Israel.  Interestingly, the lot is cast and Benjamin ends up getting the land right “between the tribes of Judah and Joseph” (v11).  In this way the tribe of Benjamin acted as a buffer between the two rivaling tribes, Judah and Joseph.

It reminds me of the role that Jesus plays in our lives.  When we were enemies of God because of our sin, Jesus stepped in the middle and acted as the buffer between us and God. 

以色列人在什亭犯罪

〈民数记〉25: 12 因此,你要说:我将我平安的约赐给他。

以色列人在当时并不知道摩押王请了术士巴兰去咒诅他们。因为这事是摩押王偷偷去做的,为了削减以色列人的力量,以便将来和他们打仗时,可以一举把他们赶出摩押平原。

此时以色列人安营在约旦河东大约廿多里外之地,那里有一片数里宽的平原,也是一个低洼的山谷,因为是热带气候,那里的皂荚树很多,又长得十分茂盛,因此那地又称为什亭谷。什亭是皂荚树原文的发音。什亭亦称亚伯什亭,与耶利哥城隔着约旦河遥遥相对。先知约珥曾说:「到那日,大山要滴甜酒,小山要流奶子,犹大溪河,都有水流,必有泉源从耶和华的殿中流出来,滋润什亭谷。(珥3:18)」表明神至终要祝福以色列人,连他们停留的地方也要祝福和供应。

在犹太人的记录里,巴兰咒诅以色列人失败,回家后耶和华神的灵也离开他了。他越想越不甘心,不仅名利双失,并且失去了摩押王的恩竉。他的贪念一起,便回去向摩押王献计,因为他已经从神的祝福中得知,只要以色列人犯罪,便会失去耶和华神的祝福和护佑。摩押王依照巴兰的计谋,为他们的神明举办了一个盛大的庆祝,并私下由巴兰去引诱以色列人去参加这个庆典。

以色列人以为巴兰是上帝的先知。假如巴兰把上述的经历告诉以色列人,以色列人当然觉得,耶和华神都把祝福以色列人的话给了巴兰,让巴兰祝福以色列人,那他肯定是从耶和华神来的先知了。巴兰只要隐瞒他自己要害以色列人的心意就行了。所以百姓中有人随着巴兰去参加摩押神明的庆典。

Take Initiative and Fight for God’s Best

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s passage is Joshua 18:1-10.  Let’s go!

Joshua 18:1-10 (NIV) 
1  The whole assembly of the Israelites gathered at Shiloh and set up the Tent of Meeting there. The country was brought under their control,
2  but there were still seven Israelite tribes who had not yet received their inheritance.
3  So Joshua said to the Israelites: “How long will you wait before you begin to take possession of the land that the LORD, the God of your fathers, has given you?……

On verses 1-10:  The Tent of Meeting was a portable tent that was set up as a place where God could meet with the people of Israel.  The Tent of Meeting is set up at Shiloh (v1) and there Joshua speaks to the entire assembly of Israelites, saying “How long will you wait before you begin to take possession of the land that the LORD, the God of your fathers, has given you?” (v3)  At this point 7 tribes of Israel had still not received their allotments and had been waiting to take over some land in the promised land.  So Joshua sends 21 surveyors, 3 from each of the remaining 7 tribes that did not have land, to survey the remaining land (v4-9).  Joshua then cast lots to see which tribes would get what land (v10).

It’s All in the Approach

Hi GAMErs,

Today’s GAME passage is Joshua 17:11-18.  Let’s go!

Joshua 17:11-18 (NIV) 
11  Within Issachar and Asher, Manasseh also had Beth Shan, Ibleam and the people of Dor, Endor, Taanach and Megiddo, together with their surrounding settlements (the third in the list is Naphoth). 
12  Yet the Manassites were not able to occupy these towns, for the Canaanites were determined to live in that region. 
13  However, when the Israelites grew stronger, they subjected the Canaanites to forced labor but did not drive them out completely. ……

On verses 11-18:  The tribe of Manasseh was supposed to drive out the Canaanites from the land they had been allotted, but the Canaanites were too strong for them (v12).  Eventually when they are able to subdue the Canaanites, rather than driving them out as Deuteronomy 20:16-18 commanded, they subjected them to forced labour instead (v13).  Then the people of Joseph (i.e. the tribes of Manasseh and Ephraim together) approach Joshua, complaining that Joshua has given them too little land for a people as numerous as them (v14).  Joshua turns their complaint into a challenge for them:  “if you are so numerous, then go up into the forest and clear land for yourselves there” (v15).  The people of Joseph further complain to Joshua that they are scared of the Canaanites who live in that area and their iron chariots (v16).  Joshua encourages them, telling them that they are numerous, powerful and capable of taking that land (v17-18).