Here in chapter 40 we come to one of the most beloved chapters in all of Isaiah. Some early church fathers (like Eusebius of Caesarea, Ephrem of Syria and Cyril of Alexandria) seem to have interpreted Isaiah 40 as an immediate response to Isaiah 39 where Hezekiah unwittingly reveals his nation’s top secrets to the Babylonians. This would have happened before 701 B.C. However, in the more recent centuries, Christian commentators have interpreted Isaiah 40-55 to be Isaiah talking about a much later event in the future, namely, the time from about 580 to 540 B.C. when the Jewish people were exiles in Babylon and how one day God was going to bring them back to their homeland of Judah. I will approach Isaiah 40 with this Babylonian exile in mind as the historical background for these verses. With this approach, I think you’ll find that, like a flower blooming, Isaiah 40 opens up in some beautiful and powerful ways.
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Isaiah 39:1 (NIV)
1 At that time Merodach-Baladan son of Baladan king of Babylon sent Hezekiah letters and a gift, because he had heard of his illness and recovery.
On verse 1: “At that time” refers to the time when Hezekiah miraculously recovered from his life-threatening sickness. According to the New American Commentary, Merodach-Baladon II was ruler of Babylon until 703 B.C. when Assyria’s King Sennacherib ousted him from power. This, together with Isaiah 38:6, tells us that the events described in Isaiah 38 and here in Isaiah 39 happened before God delivered Jerusalem from Assyria in 701 B.C. But why would Isaiah order these events this way? Why talk about God delivering Jerusalem from Assyria first in Isaiah 36-37 and then flashback to the earlier events of Hezekiah’s recovery from illness and the Babylonians’ visit to Hezekiah in Isaiah 38 and 39? Scholars have posited many different theories, but the most important reason I believe is that Isaiah is trying to show that this Messiah that Isaiah 1-35 have been talking about is not Hezekiah but someone else. So rather than end on a note of tremendous victory for Hezekiah, Isaiah ends his account of Hezekiah’s life by talking about his weakness in Isaiah 38 as well as a major mistake that Hezekiah makes here in Isaiah 39. Let’s see what that mistake was.
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There are so many powerful lessons we can learn from today’s passage in Isaiah 38. Let’s go!
Isaiah 38:1-2 (NIV)
1 In those days Hezekiah became ill and was at the point of death. The prophet Isaiah son of Amoz went to him and said, “This is what the LORD says: Put your house in order, because you are going to die; you will not recover.”
2 Hezekiah turned his face to the wall and prayed to the LORD,
On verses 1-2: After receiving some grim news that he will soon die, Hezekiah turns his face to the wall and prays to the LORD. You may be facing a wall right now as well, but you can pray to the LORD who is greater than that wall you are facing.
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There are so many lessons we can learn from today’s passage, Isaiah 37:8-38. Let’s go!
Isaiah 37:8-13 (NIV)
8 When the field commander heard that the king of Assyria had left Lachish, he withdrew and found the king fighting against Libnah.
9 Now Sennacherib received a report that Tirhakah, the Cushite king [of Egypt], was marching out to fight against him. When he heard it, he sent messengers to Hezekiah with this word:
On verses 8-13: More trash talking from Assyria, this time from King Sennacherib personally. Sennacherib’s message is similar to tone to that of his field commander in chapter 36, except that instead of bringing up four points to shake Hezekiah’s confidence, Sennacherib focuses on one point: he tells Hezekiah, “do not let the god you depend on deceive you”. In other words, Sennacherib goes one step further than the field commander by directly attacking the God that Hezekiah worships. Sennacherib accuses the LORD of deceiving Hezekiah into thinking that Hezekiah can get out of this alive. As we will see, God will take issue with Sennacherib’s pride-fueled blasphemy.
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哈博森是一名大器晚成的圣诗诗人。她年轻时的主要兴趣只在于唱歌;23岁那年当慕迪布道团来访时,她还曾经上台和大名鼎鼎的圣乐家桑基(Ara D.Sankey)一起合唱过敬拜诗歌,并为他抄写过不少圣诗曲谱。就在那时,她心里曾经一度产生过创作诗歌的意愿;可是到她真正开始创作时已经到了40岁的中年时光。1901年她在生病期间写下了第一首英文赞美诗“Apart with Him”,从此踏上了诗人之路 。
因为哈博森是穆迪和桑基的旧识缘故,当1905年托瑞和亚历山大来到英国巡回宣教时就邀请她与团队同行,专门为他们创作诗歌。此后每到托瑞举办布道会时,哈博森都会全神贯注地在台下倾听,然后再把她心中对讲道的感动写成相应的诗歌。她先后为团队写了200多首赞美诗歌,其中就包括这首《主必保守我》 (He Will Hold Me Fast)。
不久宣教团队从加拿大返回到美国。那日他们正准备前往费城“军械库”(Philadephia Ordnance Deport)会议厅举办布道会,哈克尼斯收到了哈博森应他请求写成的一首诗。当他打开来信,刚读到“主必保守我”(He will hold me fast)的歌名时,灵感和旋律就立刻开始在他脑海里浮现。接着他一口气成了诗歌主谱和副歌的创作,并在当晚就在有四千人参加的会上献唱了这首诗歌。一首经典诗歌就这样诞生了。
哈博森所写的这首《主必保守我》诗歌其英文原名叫“He will hold me fast”。这位女诗人之所以取这个歌名是为了回应哈克尼斯来信中所引述的那位多伦多初信者“难以坚持下去”的担忧,英文就是“He would not be able to hold out”。两者的句子中都用了“Hold”这个动词,而这个词的中文含义有“坚持、持有、抓住、抱住、托住、支撑、搀扶”等多种意思。因此,我们也可以将这首诗歌直译成“主愿意紧紧 ‘抱住我’”,或“主愿意迅速‘托住我’,以及“主愿意立刻来‘搀扶我’”。